CRC Press eBooks

Stepwise Laser Operating Schemes for Crystals Doped with Ln3+ Activator Ions

Alexander A. Kaminskii

Published Aug 27, 2020• 0 citations

Abstract

In the late 1960s, investigators specializing in the field of physics and spectroscopy of crystals doped with Ln 3+ ions turned their attention to a new class of the phenomena caused by noncoherent interactions between activator ions in excited states, which were referred to in the literature as cooperative phenomena. 1–4 From the viewpoint of the use of these phenomena for pumping Ln 3+ -activated laser crystals, apparently the processes of cooperative sensitization and stepwise energy transfer are of the greatest value.

DOI: 10.1201/9781003067962-10

Related papers

Laser Operating Schemes with Strong Depopulation of the Ground States of Generating Ln3+ Ions

Alexander A. Kaminskii

CRC Press eBooksAug 27, 20200 citations

Cooperative energy transfer among Pr 3 + ions in La F 3

L.-S. Lee, Stephen Colby Rand, ARTHUR L. SCHAWLOW

Physical review. B, Condensed matterJun 15, 198441 citations

Ground-State Lifting – A New Method for Increasing the Stimulated-Emission Excitation Effectiveness of Activated Laser Crystals

Alexander A. Kaminskii, Konstantin K. Pukhov

physica status solidi (a)May 16, 19914 citations

Cooperative Quenching Energy Transfer in La1−xCexF3 Crystal

Tasoltan T. Basiev, Maxim E. Doroshenko, В. В. Осико

A new phenomena of nonradiative cooperative energy transfer from optically excited single Nd3+ ion to the cooperative acceptor formed by a pair of Ce3+ ions and from single excited Er3+ ion simultaneously to three Ce3+ ions acting as a nonlinear cooperative acceptor was observed by measuring the concentrational quenching of donor ions fluorescence in solid solution of La1−xCexF3.

Advanced Solid-State LasersJan 1, 20001 citation

New excitation schemes for laser transitions

Boris M. Antipenko, Artur A Mak, B V Sinitsyn +2 more

It is shown experimentally that it is possible to design an efficient solid state laser using excitation by cooperative stepwise sensitization. The excitation of Er/sup 3 +/ and Yb/sup 3 +/ is studied. (AIP)

Mar 1, 19825 citations

Optical properties of ions in crystals

H. M. Crosswhite, Henry W. Moos

The volume is comprised of 40 papers in the following areas: Rare earth energy level structure and transition probabilities; energy levels and excited state effects in transition metal ions; cooperative phenomena; energy transfer; vibronics and infrared studies.

Jan 1, 1966533 citations

CRC Press eBooks

Stepwise Laser Operating Schemes for Crystals Doped with Ln3+ Activator Ions

Alexander A. Kaminskii

Published Aug 27, 2020• 0 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1201/9781003067962-10

Related papers

Laser Operating Schemes with Strong Depopulation of the Ground States of Generating Ln3+ Ions

Alexander A. Kaminskii

Among the many crystalline lasers based on insulating compounds doped with Ln 3+ ions, 1 only one laser is known to generate according to a classical three-level operating scheme, this being the “blue-green” lasing of LiYF 4 :Pr 3+ (its stimulated emission [SE] transition terminates at the lower [zero] Stark level of the ground 3 H 4 state of Pr 3+ ions). 2 For all others the terminal laser level usually has an energy E term ≫ kT. In these cases the number of excited Ln 3+ ions distributed over the working levels, mainly, the initial laser ones, is small and amounts to a few percent of the total number of generating ions in a crystal. This indicates that SE in those multilevel Ln 3+ systems proceeds with practically fully populated levels of the ground state (their usual population is N 0 = 10 19 to 10 21 cm −3 , which corresponds to Ln 3+ ion concentration amounting to C Ln = 0.1 to 10 at.%).Among the many crystalline lasers based on insulating compounds doped with Ln 3+ ions, 1 only one laser is known to generate according to a classical three-level operating scheme, this being the “blue-green” lasing of LiYF 4 :Pr 3+ (its stimulated emission [SE] transition terminates at the lower [zero] Stark level of the ground 3 H 4 state of Pr 3+ ions). 2 For all others the terminal laser level usually has an energy E term ≫ kT. In these cases the number of excited Ln 3+ ions distributed over the working levels, mainly, the initial laser ones, is small and amounts to a few percent of the total number of generating ions in a crystal. This indicates that SE in those multilevel Ln 3+ systems proceeds with practically fully populated levels of the ground state (their usual population is N 0 = 10 19 to 10 21 cm −3 , which corresponds to Ln 3+ ion concentration amounting to C Ln = 0.1 to 10 at.%).

CRC Press eBooksAug 27, 20200 citations

Cooperative energy transfer among Pr 3 + ions in La F 3

L.-S. Lee, Stephen Colby Rand, ARTHUR L. SCHAWLOW

We report the discovery of population in the $^{1}S_{0}$ state (46 986 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$) of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ following the excitation of the $^{3}P_{0}$ state (20 925 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$) by a 477.8-nm pulse laser. The energy upconversion is attributed to a cooperative energy transfer from a pair of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ ions in the $^{3}P_{0}$ state to a nearby ion in the same state. A Pr ${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$ crystal and three La ${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$ : ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ crystals doped with 10, 20, and 60 at.% ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ are tested in our experiment. The lifetime of the $^{1}S_{0}$ state and the decay of the $^{3}P_{0}$ state of each of the crystals are investigated. The results are used to solve the rate equations for calculating the temporal variations of the populations in the $^{1}S_{0}$ state in different crystals. The calculated result agrees with the measured variation of the uv emission ($^{1}S_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{3}P_{1}+^{1}I_{6}$, 393 nm).We report the discovery of population in the $^{1}S_{0}$ state (46 986 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$) of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ following the excitation of the $^{3}P_{0}$ state (20 925 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$) by a 477.8-nm pulse laser. The energy upconversion is attributed to a cooperative energy transfer from a pair of ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ ions in the $^{3}P_{0}$ state to a nearby ion in the same state. A Pr${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$ crystal and three La${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$:${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ crystals doped with 10, 20, and 60 at.% ${\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}$ are tested in our experiment. The lifetime of the $^{1}S_{0}$ state and the decay of the $^{3}P_{0}$ state of each of the crystals are investigated. The results are used to solve the rate equations for calculating the temporal variations of the populations in the $^{1}S_{0}$ state in different crystals. The calculated result agrees with the measured variation of the uv emission ($^{1}S_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{3}P_{1}+^{1}I_{6}$, 393 nm).

Physical review. B, Condensed matterJun 15, 198441 citations

Ground-State Lifting – A New Method for Increasing the Stimulated-Emission Excitation Effectiveness of Activated Laser Crystals

Alexander A. Kaminskii, Konstantin K. Pukhov

New ways are proposed of increasing broadband-lamp pumping effectiveness of laser crystals with trivalent lanthanides. The method is based on the broadening of lasing-ion absorption spectrum by the remove (excitation) of their considerable part from the ground state into one (some) of the upper states with the help of additional resonant bleaching laser add-pumping Advantages of the new pumping schemes are illustrated by the results, obtained during quantitative analysis of the necessary conditions of stimulated-emission excitation for four laser crystals (LaF3, LiYF4, BaY2F8, and YA103) with Pr3+ ions, which can lase at 3Po → 3F4,3,2, 3H6,5 channels at 300 K with lamp pumping. The method proposed is also suitable for laser effectiveness increase in crystals with other lanthanides activators.New ways are proposed of increasing broadband-lamp pumping effectiveness of laser crystals with trivalent lanthanides. The method is based on the broadening of lasing-ion absorption spectrum by the remove (excitation) of their considerable part from the ground state into one (some) of the upper states with the help of additional resonant bleaching laser add-pumping Advantages of the new pumping schemes are illustrated by the results, obtained during quantitative analysis of the necessary conditions of stimulated-emission excitation for four laser crystals (LaF3, LiYF4, BaY2F8, and YA103) with Pr3+ ions, which can lase at 3Po → 3F4,3,2, 3H6,5 channels at 300 K with lamp pumping. The method proposed is also suitable for laser effectiveness increase in crystals with other lanthanides activators.

physica status solidi (a)May 16, 19914 citations

Cooperative Quenching Energy Transfer in La1−xCexF3 Crystal

Tasoltan T. Basiev, Maxim E. Doroshenko, В. В. Осико

Advanced Solid-State LasersJan 1, 20001 citation

New excitation schemes for laser transitions

Boris M. Antipenko, Artur A Mak, B V Sinitsyn +2 more

Mar 1, 19825 citations

Optical properties of ions in crystals

H. M. Crosswhite, Henry W. Moos

Jan 1, 1966533 citations

We report the discovery of population in the

^{1}S_{0}

state (46 986 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$) of

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

following the excitation of the

^{3}P_{0}

state (20 925 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$) by a 477.8-nm pulse laser. The energy upconversion is attributed to a cooperative energy transfer from a pair of

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

ions in the

^{3}P_{0}

state to a nearby ion in the same state. A Pr

{\mathrm{F}}_{3}

crystal and three La

{\mathrm{F}}_{3}

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

crystals doped with 10, 20, and 60 at.%

{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}

are tested in our experiment. The lifetime of the

^{1}S_{0}

state and the decay of the

^{3}P_{0}

state of each of the crystals are investigated. The results are used to solve the rate equations for calculating the temporal variations of the populations in the

^{1}S_{0}

state in different crystals. The calculated result agrees with the measured variation of the uv emission ($^{1}S_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{3}P_{1}+^{1}I_{6}$, 393 nm).