The threat caused by the ubiquitous nature of the internet and quantum-computer-assisted cryptanalysis amongst the networked devices, organizations and users seeks a redress within the security community to apply innovative ways in the development of information communication protocols. Quantum teleportation (QT) has emerged as a technology that promise unconditional security and providing new ways to design and develop frameworks that operate based on the principles of quantum physics such as entanglement and no-cloning. This study applied an evaluation approach to empirically investigate the effect of QT on the improvement of networked device communication security on layer 2 using a simulated experiment. Software Defined Network's OpenFlow, Mininet-Wifi and Simulator for Quantum Networks and Channels (SQUANCH) were considered as our coding approach. The empirical evidence revealed that QT has the ability to make it harder for anyone trying to listen-in, eavesdrop or tap into data in-transit. QT despite its known challenges i.e., interference, freespace loss, transmission loss etc., when implemented properly within reasonable scope can improve security for data in-transit. This will become an advantage when designing frameworks to adopt quantum technology for implementation.
The threat caused by the ubiquitous nature of the internet and quantum-computer-assisted cryptanalysis amongst the networked devices, organizations and users seeks a redress within the security community to apply innovative ways in the development of information communication protocols. Quantum teleportation (QT) has emerged as a technology that promise unconditional security and providing new ways to design and develop frameworks that operate based on the principles of quantum physics such as entanglement and no-cloning. This study applied an evaluation approach to empirically investigate the effect of QT on the improvement of networked device communication security on layer 2 using a simulated experiment. Software Defined Network's OpenFlow, Mininet-Wifi and Simulator for Quantum Networks and Channels (SQUANCH) were considered as our coding approach. The empirical evidence revealed that QT has the ability to make it harder for anyone trying to listen-in, eavesdrop or tap into data in-transit. QT despite its known challenges i.e., interference, freespace loss, transmission loss etc., when implemented properly within reasonable scope can improve security for data in-transit. This will become an advantage when designing frameworks to adopt quantum technology for implementation.
A generic framework for the implementation of secure quantum teleportation infrastructure is proposed and presented to enhance data transmission security for cloud and data centres operating on OSI layer 2 over the Wide Area Network. Quantum Teleportation (QT) and its mechanisms promises unconditional security through the use of unconventional methods. Currently there is a lack of generic framework with models and methods to guide the implementation of QT infrastructures to enable secure transmission of information. Design Science Research was undertaken to design and develop the artefact. The proposed generic secure QT framework artefact forms a step towards realizing an abstract and low-level architecture developments to deploy a full-scale quantum teleportation infrastructure rollout.
Quantum entanglement has emerged as a transformative principle in modern physics, offering unprecedented potential for secure communication. This study explores entanglement-driven architectures designed to enable ultra-secure communication networks resistant to classical and quantum-based cyber threats. It examines the theoretical foundations of quantum entanglement and its application in quantum key distribution (QKD), teleportation protocols, and network scalability. The research evaluates existing communication models and identifies limitations in terms of noise interference, transmission distance, and infrastructure complexity. Through a comparative analysis of classical encryption and quantum-based security mechanisms, the study highlights the superior resilience of entanglement-enabled systems against eavesdropping and data breaches. Furthermore, it investigates emerging technologies such as quantum repeaters and satellite-based quantum communication to address long-distance transmission challenges. The findings suggest that while entanglement-driven architectures hold significant promise, practical implementation requires advancements in hardware stability, error correction, and cost efficiency. This study contributes to the growing field of quantum communication by providing insights into scalable, secure network design and identifying future research directions necessary for real-world deployment.
Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging networking paradigm that decouples the control and data plane in order to enable programmable and flexible networks, optimizing its applications and advancing computer systems. It does so through its architecture, a key part of which is a centralized network management through open interfaces that revolutionizes the way in which networks are designed and makes them more agile and versatile to the evolving needs of modern and future applications services. This also means, however, that there is now a centralized point of attack that is a major vulnerability, threatening the security of the entire network. With such an advanced network paradigm, it requires a security system that will mitigate these risks and warrant long-term security. In attempts to allow secure communications within the network, this research proposes the implementation of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), leveraging quantum mechanics to secure the network against any computational advancements in the future. QKD is a recent cryptographic system that includes a traditional-computational channel and a physical-quantum channel to generate and distribute keys between parties. It uses the principles of quantum mechanics including entanglement and superposition to ensure that the physical layer cannot be compromised computationally. QKD provides confidentiality and privacy of information and communication. Moreover, it is resistant to technological advancements. The implications of QKD significantly enhance SDN security through its protection against attacks, efficient key distribution, reliable network orchestration, and data integrity, creating an architecture that establishes stable communication channels that are resistant to cyber threats.
Software-defined networking (SDN) has emerged as a promising paradigm for managing and controlling network resources efficiently. However, ensuring the security of data packets transmitted within an SDN environment remains a critical challenge. Traditional networking relies on static configurations, while SDN offers dynamic control and programmability, revolutionizing network management. In SDN, the application layer employs tools like OpenDaylight and Mininet for network management and testing. The control layer, managed by controllers such as Floodlight or ONOS, orchestrates traffic flow among switches. In the infrastructure layer, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) with the BB84 protocol ensures secure communication. Together, these layers enable agile, programmable, and secure networking paradigms. This paper proposes integrating quantum key distribution (QKD) into SDN architectures to bolster packet-level security. By leveraging quantum entanglement and uncertainty, a secure communication channel between SDN controllers and switches is established, resilient to quantum attacks. Evaluation through simulations and real-world experiments demonstrates efficacy in mitigating security threats while minimizing overhead and latency, advancing SDN security IEEE 802.1X capabilities and leveraging quantum technologies for cybersecurity.
The threat of quantum-computer-assisted cryptanalysis is forcing the security community to develop new types of security protocols. These solutions must be secure against classical and post-quantum cryptanalysis techniques as well as feasible for all kinds of devices, including energy-restricted Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The quantum immunity can be implemented in the cryptographic layer, e.g., by using recent lattice-based key exchange algorithms NewHope or Frodo, or in the physical layer of wireless communication, by utilizing eavesdropping-resistant secrecy coding techniques. In this study, we explore and compare the feasibility and energy efficiency of selected cryptographic layer and physical layer approaches by applying an evaluation approach that is based on simulation and modeling. In particular, we consider NewHope and Frodo key exchange algorithms as well as novel physical layer secrecy coding approach that is based on polar codes. The results reveal that our proposed physical layer implementation is very competitive with respect to the cryptographic solutions, particularly in short-range wireless communication. We also observed that the total energy consumption is unequally divided between transmitting and receiving devices in all the studied approaches. This may be an advantage when designing security architectures for energy-restricted devices.
Quantum Key Distribution protocols have been essential for the purpose of creating secure channels for long-distance transmission of quantum information. On the basis of ideas of quantum teleportation, this paper presents a novel quantum communication protocol utilizing the quantum entanglement and classical communication channels. Also, this paper aims to increase key generation rate and distance, achieve longer communication distances and higher key production compared to traditional QKD methods, improve resilience against eavesdropping and optimize system performance. Quantum teleportation ensures the secure transfer of quantum states without exposing them to potential eavesdropping or interception, offering a higher level of security compared to traditional qubit-based protocols. This involves a thorough investigation of the Qiskit circuit implementations, operational procedures, and mathematical underpinnings of the protocol. Also, a thorough study of the protocol’s performance with respected to some of the existing protocols like BB84, E91 and others using various metrics like QBER, key generation rate, adversarial resilience and. This project advances Quantum Key Distribution systems and established the foundation for secure quantum communication networks.