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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Demonstration of an RF Electrometer Based on EIT Spectroscopy of Non-Resonantly Dressed Rydberg Atoms in a Vapor Cell

Lingyun Chai, R. R. Jones

Published Jun 4, 2020• 0 citations
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Photonics for Quantum (PfQ)•Jul 18, 2025•0 citations
We prepare and analyze Rydberg states with orbital quantum numbers ℓ≤6 using three-optical-photon electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and radio frequency (rf) dressing, and employ the high- ℓ states in electric-field sensing. Rubidium-85 atoms in a room-temperature vapor cell are first promoted into the 25F5/2 state via Rydberg-EIT with three infrared laser beams. Two rf dressing fields then (near-)resonantly couple the 25F, 25H(ℓ=5) , and 25I(ℓ=6) Rydberg states. The dependence of the rf-dressed Rydberg-state level structure on rf powers, rf and laser frequencies is characterized using EIT. Furthermore, we discuss the principles of dc-electric-field sensing using high- ℓ Rydberg states and experimentally demonstrate the method using test electric fields of ≲50 V/m induced via photo-illumination of the vapor-cell wall. We measure the highly nonlinear dependence of the dc-electric-field strength on the power of the photo-illumination laser. Numerical calculations, which reproduce our experimental observations well, elucidate the underlying physics. Our paper is relevant to high-precision spectroscopy of high- ℓ Rydberg states, Rydberg-atom-based electric-field sensing, and plasma electric-field diagnostics. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Engineered, metamaterial vapor cells are useful for high-sensitivity Rydberg atom-based radio frequency (RF) sensors. We present recent advancements on a photonic crystal receiver (PCR) fabricated using MEMS technology for sensitive RF field detection. Beyond the established operational principles leveraging electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) within alkali atom ensembles, we describe critical factors impacting the performance of the PCR, namely the generation of electric fields arising from Cesium atom interactions with the vapor cell materials. Through X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of the glass and silicon components, we determine the amount of Cesium that is adsorbed to the glass and silicon surfaces. The insights into surface adsorption and its control are crucial for improving the stability and practical applicability of PCR-based RF sensors, as well as other types of MEMS vapor cells.