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High-precision three dimensional atom localization via multiphoton quantum destructive interference

Yonghong Tian, Xin Wang, Wen‐Xing Yang, Tao Shui, Ling Li, Xiyun Li, Zhen Wu

Published Aug 5, 2020• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose an effective scheme for high-precision three dimensional(3D) atom localization via measuring the population of excited state in a four-level atomic system driven by a probe field and three orthogonal standing-wave fields. In this scheme, the position-dependent multiphoton quantum destructive interference leads to multiphoton excitation of the excited state and enhances the fluorescence emission. We show that adjusting the frequency detuning and phase shifts associated with the standing-wave fields can modify the multiphoton quantum destructive interference and lead to a redistribution of the atoms. The maximal probability of finding the atom at the certain position in one period of the standing-wave fields can be 100% and the highest spatial precision is about 0.02λ.

DOI
10.1364/oe.396973

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We propose an effective scheme for high-precision three dimensional(3D) atom localization via measuring the population of excited state in a four-level atomic system driven by a probe field and three orthogonal standing-wave fields. In this scheme, the position-dependent multiphoton quantum destructive interference leads to multiphoton excitation of the excited state and enhances the fluorescence emission. We show that adjusting the frequency detuning and phase shifts associated with the standing-wave fields can modify the multiphoton quantum destructive interference and lead to a redistribution of the atoms. The maximal probability of finding the atom at the certain position in one period of the standing-wave fields can be 100% and the highest spatial precision is about 0.02λ.
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Abstract We propose a scheme for high-precision two-dimensional (2D) atom localization via the four-wave mixing (FWM) in a four-level double- Λ atomic system. Due to the position-dependent atom-field interaction, the 2D position information of the atoms can be directly determined by the measurement of the normalized light intensity of output FWM-generated field. We further show that, when the position-dependent generated FWM field has become sufficiently intense, efficient back-coupling to the FWM generating state becomes important. This back-coupling pathway leads to competitive multiphoton destructive interference of the FWM generating state by three supplied and one internally generated fields. We find that the precision of 2D atom localization can be improved significantly by the multiphoton destructive interference and depends sensitively on the frequency detunings and the pump field intensity. Interestingly enough, we show that adjusting the frequency detunings and the pump field intensity can modify significantly the FWM efficiency, and consequently lead to a redistribution of the atoms. As a result, the atom can be localized in one of four quadrants with holding the precision of atom localization.
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The high-precision position measurement scheme of a single atom in two-dimensions and three-dimensions is investigated in a four-level tripod-type system. The atom interacts with the two orthogonal standing wave fields (OSWFs) and three OSWFs for two- and three-dimensional (2D, 3D) atom localization. The high-precision position of the atom is observed by adjusting the suitable system parameters. We achieve a high-precision single localized peak in the 2D plane and a single localized sphere smaller than the cubic optical wavelength in 3D volume space. We also see the impact of the Doppler shift on atom localization in 2D and 3D. We show that the Doppler shift dramatically deteriorates the precision of spatial information. The proposed high-precision atom localization scheme has applications in laser cooling and Bose–Einstein condensation phenomena.
Abstract A scheme for three-dimensional (3D) atom localization with high-precision and high-resolution is proposed and its control is studied in a four-level atomic system driven by an additional microwave field. Because of the spatial dependent interaction between atoms and standing wave fields, the atoms can be localized in a domain with widths as small as 0.014 λ by appropriately adjusting the system parameters. The probe absorption spectrum of the atomic system gives the position information of the atoms and different evolution patterns of the localization structures in this study. The population distribution and its 3D localization structures can be easily adjusted by parameters of the microwave field, which can achieve a 100% probability of observing the atom in a specific space and the accuracy with the value of 0.014 λ . Compared with 1D or 2D localizations, 3D localization can further improve the precision of position measurement and develop its spatial resolution, which may produce a wider variety of practical applications with high precision requirement.
Abstract We study the control of high-precision three-dimensional (3D) atom localization by measuring the population of the excited state in a ladder-type three-level atomic system driven by a weak probe field and a control field, together with three mutually perpendicular standing-wave fields. We find that the precision of 3D atom localization in volumes depends sensitively on the frequency detuning of the probe field and the intensity of the control field. Most importantly, we show that adjusting the phase shifts associated with the standing-wave fields leads to a redistribution of the atoms and a significant change of the atomic coherence, so that the atom can be localized in volumes that are substantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength.