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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Atom localization in cascade type system

Kalan Mal, Suman Mondal, Dipankar Bhattacharyya, Amitava Bandyopadhyay

Published Jul 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A three-level cascade type system is subjected to a standing wave (SW) field acting between the ground energy level and the intermediate energy level of the system and the probe field scans the uppermost energy level from the intermediate energy level. Optical Bloch equations (OBE) for this three-level system are derived from the Liouville equation (Master equation) where the decay terms are added phenomenologically. These OBEs are solved analytically under steady state condition by using weak probe approximation. Under doppler free condition precession of localization was controlled by tuning the SW rabi frequency and relative orientation of the applied fields.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/1579/1/012013

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AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 2019•0 citations
Abstract A three-level cascade type system is subjected to a standing wave (SW) field acting between the ground energy level and the intermediate energy level of the system and the probe field scans the uppermost energy level from the intermediate energy level. Optical Bloch equations (OBE) for this three-level system are derived from the Liouville equation (Master equation) where the decay terms are added phenomenologically. These OBEs are solved analytically under steady state condition by using weak probe approximation. Under doppler free condition precession of localization was controlled by tuning the SW rabi frequency and relative orientation of the applied fields.
A density matrix based complete analytical solution for the probe transmission through a three-level cascade type Doppler free atomic system is obtained. The probe beam couples the ground level to the energy level lying at the middle whereas the control field is acting between the level at the middle and the upper most energy level. The analysis is valid for comparable values of probe and control Rabi frequencies too. The probe response shows EIT window when Raman condition is satisfied. The variation of the EIT width with control Rabi frequency under Doppler free condition is studied using the parameters of 5S1/2→5P3/2→5D5/25S_{1/2}\rightarrow 5P_{3/2}\rightarrow 5D_{5/2}5S1/2​→5P3/2​→5D5/2​ transitions of 87^{87}87Rb. At high value of the probe field intensity compared to that of the control field, enhancement in probe absorption is noticed. The increase of the EIT width with control Rabi frequency under Doppler free situation is examined.
A four-level inverted Y-type atomic system is subjected to three coherent laser fields simultaneously. The system has two closely spaced ground energy levels, one intermediate energy level and an uppermost energy level. Transition from the two ground levels to the intermediate level as well as from the intermediate level to the uppermost level are dipole allowed. Transition from the two ground energy levels to the uppermost level is dipole forbidden. A weak laser beam, known as the probe beam, acts between one of the ground levels and the intermediate level. A strong laser field, known as the control or pump field, couples the intermediate level with the uppermost level. A repump filed of intensity usually higher than the probe field acts between the other ground level and the intermediate level. The probe transmission through such a medium is investigated at different values of the control and repump Rabi frequencies under Doppler free condition as well as with thermal averaging. The nonradiative population transfer rates between the ground energy levels have been incorporated.
Abstract In the regime of the Raman–Nath approximation we show coherence control of three-dimensional atom localization with high precession and resolution via probe absorption when a five-level atomic system is cyclically driven by three orthogonal standing optical wave-fields together with one traveling optical wave-field and two microwave wave-fields in an optical cavity. We apply wavevector mismatch and subsequently the Doppler-free technique to the atom localization system to minimize the imprecision in the atom’s position in the standing wave-field caused by its high velocity in the cavity. The position of the single atom is freed from the two effects by collinear coupling of the driving fields with the atom in the cavity. The atomic position is controlled in the sub-wavelength domain of the standing wave-field with probability and high quality resolution by adjusting the relative phase and amplitude of the driving fields.
We propose a scheme to localize an atom in a three-level A-type configuration inside a classical standing wave field conditioned upon the measurement of frequency of a weak probe field. Inside the classical standing wave field, the interaction between atom and the field is position-dependent due to the Rabi frequency of the driving field; hence, as the absorption frequency of the probe field is measured, the position of an atom inside the classical standing wave field will be determined. Localizing of an atom via absorption spectrum occurs during its motion inside the standing wave field. An investigation of the probe field frequency shows that the degree of localization depends on interaction parameters such as detuning, phase difference between applied fields, and Rabi frequency of the driving field.
A density matrix based analytical model is developed to study the coherent probe field propagation through a four-level V type system in presence of a coherent control field. The model allows coupling of the probe field from the upper ground level to both of the excited levels keeping the control field locked to a particular transition. The addition of an extra ground level to a conventional three-level V type system creates extra decay paths to the ground levels for the upper level population. A set of sixteen density matrix based equations are formed and then solved analytically under rotating wave approximation to study the probe response under steady state condition. The simulated probe absorption spectra shows absorption dip at the centre of a transparency window only under Doppler broadened condition although the conventional EIT window appears under Doppler free condition. The dependence of the field induced absorption signal on the Rabi frequency of the control field, population transfer rate among the ground levels and temperature of the vapour medium has been studied in details.
We study the interaction of the medium composed of three-level atoms in A configuration interacting with two laser fields: weak probe field and strong control field. The probe field enters the medium under a certain angle, and it is initially in the form of the spatial soliton, while the control field is periodically modulated. The system of optical Bloch equations is analytically solved in the stationary regime by the perturbation method in order to obtain linear and third-order nonlinear susceptibility of the medium with respect to the probe field. After a straightforward algebraic procedure, using the approximation of the slow-varying field envelope, the nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the probe field is obtained. It is numerically solved by applying the spectral Fourier split-step method. It is found that, for properly chosen values of the probe and control field detunings and control Rabi frequency, the probe field behaves as a solitary wave whose direction does not depend on the incident angle. Moreover, the regime consisting of Bloch-like oscillations can be identified. The simulation is performed by choosing the corresponding levels of Mg atoms.