Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Physics Conference Series

Electromagnetically induced transparency in Y-type atomic system

Kalan Mal, Khairul Islam, Suman Mondal, Dipankar Bhattacharyya, Amitava Bandyopadhyay

Published Jul 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Probe field propagation through a four-level Y-type system is studied analytically under steady state condition by using density matrix formulation. The probe field scans the intermediate state from the ground state whereas two other coherent radiation fields, namely the control field and the coupling field, are set to couple two different excited states from the intermediate energy level. Under Doppler free condition, simulated probe absorption shows single or twin EIT windows depending on whether the control and the coupling field are on-resonant or detuned. Under Doppler broadened condition, the residual Doppler averaging due to wavelength mismatch between the probe field and the control field as well as that between the probe field and the coupling field plays significant role in the formation of transparency window.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/1579/1/012002

Related papers

Electromagnetically induced transparency and electromagnetically induced absorption in Y-type system

Kalan Mal, Khairul Islam, Suman Mondal +2 more

The propagation of a probe field through a four-level Y-type atomic system is described in the presence of two additional coherent radiation fields, namely, the control field and the coupling field. An expression for the probe response is derived analytically from the optical Bloch equations under steady state condition to study the absorptive properties of the system under probe field propagation through an ensemble of stationary atoms as well as in a Doppler broadened atomic vapor medium. The most striking result is the conversion of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) into electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) as we start switching from weak probe regime to strong probe regime. The dependence of this conversion on residual Doppler averaging due to wavelength mismatch is also shown by choosing the coupling transition as a Rydberg transition.

Chinese Physics B•Mar 11, 2020•5 citations

A study on electromagnetically induced transparency and velocity selective optically pumped absorption in an eight-level inverted Y-type atomic system

Arindam Ghosh, Khairul Islam, Suman Mondal +3 more

Abstract Coherent probe field (L A ) propagation through an eight-level inverted Y-type atomic system, in the presence of two additional coherent radiation fields termed the field L C (control or pump field) and the field L B (repump field), is investigated by using the parameters of 87 Rb 5 S 1 / 2 → 5 P 3 / 2 → 7 S 1 / 2 transitions. The system has two ground energy levels, four intermediate energy levels, and two uppermost energy levels. A theoretical model based on the density matrix method is used for numerical simulation of the probe response under different conditions. Simulated probe absorption spectra under a Doppler-free condition as well as under thermal averaging exhibit electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The position and line shape of this EIT profile change with different detunings of the control and repump fields. When the three coherent fields share a common level, a funnel-like EIT window appears in the simulated probe absorption curve. Velocity selective optically pumped absorption peaks are seen in the simulated probe response at room temperature.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•May 22, 2018•10 citations

Study on probe field propagation in the presence of control and coupling fields through a four-level N-type atomic system

Khairul Islam, Dipankar Bhattacharyya, Arindam Ghosh +2 more

Abstract The absorption features of a probe field propagating through a four-level N-type atomic system in the presence of two coherent radiation fields is studied analytically by using a density matrix formulation. The system has two ground levels and two excited levels. A weak probe laser couples the upper ground level to the lower excited level whereas a strong control field connects the lower ground level to the lower excited level. The coupling field acts between the upper ground level and the upper excited level. The transition parameters of the 87 Rb D 1 line have been used to simulate the probe response. The simulated probe absorption shows a gain-like structure depending on the relative field intensities. The spectral features of the probe response exhibit substantial differences under thermal averaging as compared to a Doppler-free condition. The splitting of simulated probe absorption can be explained by the dressed state model. Electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) is observed in the simulated probe response curve when the spontaneous decay of the population from the uppermost excited state to the lower ground state is absent.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Sep 8, 2017•8 citations

Wave-vector mismatch effects in electromagnetically induced transparency in Y -type systems

Azeem B. Mirza, Suneel Pratap Singh

We study electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of a probe field in a four-level Y-type atomic system driven by two strong laser (coupling) fields. Both homogeneously (radiative) and Doppler broadened systems are considered. The effect of residual Doppler broadening on EIT is demonstrated for various wave-vector mismatches occurring when the frequency of coupling fields is equal (${k}_{c}$ $=$ ${k}_{p}$), higher (${k}_{c}>{k}_{p}$), or lesser (${k}_{c}<{k}_{p}$) than that of the probe field frequency. Contrary to usual belief it is found that for the ${k}_{c}>{k}_{p}$ wave-vector mismatch case, the probe absorption profile displays very wide and almost complete single or double EIT windows whose width, depth, and location depend upon the wave-vector mismatch, Rabi frequencies, and atom field detuning of the coupling fields. Analytical results are also obtained to explain these interesting features.

Physical Review A•May 29, 2012•25 citations

Electromagnetically induced transparency in an inverted Y-type four-level system

Jianbing Qi

The interaction of a weak probe laser with an inverted Y-type four-level atomic system driven by two additional coherent fields is investigated theoretically. Under the influence of the coherent coupling fields, the steady-state linear susceptibility of the probe laser shows that the system can have single or double electromagnetically induced transparency windows depending on the amplitude and the detuning of the coupling lasers. The corresponding index of refraction associated with the group velocity of the probe laser can be controlled at both transparency windows by the coupling fields. The propagation of the probe field can be switched from superluminal near the resonance to subluminal on resonance within the single transparency window when two coupling lasers are on resonance. We propose an atomic 87Rb system for experimental observation.

arXiv:0909.2079•Physica Scripta•Dec 24, 2009•22 citations

Electromagnetically induced transparency in five-level configurations under Doppler broadening

Ai Nguyen Van, Quynh Anh Thi Nguyen, Quang Hai Ho +9 more

Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in five-level atomic systems is theoretically investigated for three representative configurations: M-, inverted-Y, and K-type systems driven by a weak probe field and three control laser fields. The different coupling schemes produce different quantum interference pathways and two-photon resonance conditions, leading to markedly different EIT spectra. The M-type configuration exhibits one, two, and three well-resolved transparency windows as successive control fields are introduced. In contrast, the inverted-Y configuration produces broader transparency windows because of the overlap of multiple interference channels, whereas the K-type configuration exhibits only a single EIT window when all control fields are resonant. Multiple transparency windows in the K-type system appear after introducing appropriate coupling-field detunings. Doppler broadening at room temperature significantly broadens the absorption spectrum and reduces the transparency depth, while preserving the number and positions of the EIT windows. These results demonstrate that the coupling scheme plays an important role in determining the formation and evolution of multi-window EIT spectra and identify the characteristics of the three five-level configurations for multi-channel quantum-optical applications, as well as for the experimental observation of EIT spectra in five-level configurations.

Physica Scripta•Sep 17, 2026•0 citations
Abstract Probe field propagation through a four-level Y-type system is studied analytically under steady state condition by using density matrix formulation. The probe field scans the intermediate state from the ground state whereas two other coherent radiation fields, namely the control field and the coupling field, are set to couple two different excited states from the intermediate energy level. Under Doppler free condition, simulated probe absorption shows single or twin EIT windows depending on whether the control and the coupling field are on-resonant or detuned. Under Doppler broadened condition, the residual Doppler averaging due to wavelength mismatch between the probe field and the control field as well as that between the probe field and the coupling field plays significant role in the formation of transparency window.
The propagation of a probe field through a four-level Y-type atomic system is described in the presence of two additional coherent radiation fields, namely, the control field and the coupling field. An expression for the probe response is derived analytically from the optical Bloch equations under steady state condition to study the absorptive properties of the system under probe field propagation through an ensemble of stationary atoms as well as in a Doppler broadened atomic vapor medium. The most striking result is the conversion of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) into electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) as we start switching from weak probe regime to strong probe regime. The dependence of this conversion on residual Doppler averaging due to wavelength mismatch is also shown by choosing the coupling transition as a Rydberg transition.
Abstract Coherent probe field (L A ) propagation through an eight-level inverted Y-type atomic system, in the presence of two additional coherent radiation fields termed the field L C (control or pump field) and the field L B (repump field), is investigated by using the parameters of 87 Rb 5 S 1 / 2 → 5 P 3 / 2 → 7 S 1 / 2 transitions. The system has two ground energy levels, four intermediate energy levels, and two uppermost energy levels. A theoretical model based on the density matrix method is used for numerical simulation of the probe response under different conditions. Simulated probe absorption spectra under a Doppler-free condition as well as under thermal averaging exhibit electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The position and line shape of this EIT profile change with different detunings of the control and repump fields. When the three coherent fields share a common level, a funnel-like EIT window appears in the simulated probe absorption curve. Velocity selective optically pumped absorption peaks are seen in the simulated probe response at room temperature.
Abstract The absorption features of a probe field propagating through a four-level N-type atomic system in the presence of two coherent radiation fields is studied analytically by using a density matrix formulation. The system has two ground levels and two excited levels. A weak probe laser couples the upper ground level to the lower excited level whereas a strong control field connects the lower ground level to the lower excited level. The coupling field acts between the upper ground level and the upper excited level. The transition parameters of the 87 Rb D 1 line have been used to simulate the probe response. The simulated probe absorption shows a gain-like structure depending on the relative field intensities. The spectral features of the probe response exhibit substantial differences under thermal averaging as compared to a Doppler-free condition. The splitting of simulated probe absorption can be explained by the dressed state model. Electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) is observed in the simulated probe response curve when the spontaneous decay of the population from the uppermost excited state to the lower ground state is absent.
We study electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of a probe field in a four-level Y-type atomic system driven by two strong laser (coupling) fields. Both homogeneously (radiative) and Doppler broadened systems are considered. The effect of residual Doppler broadening on EIT is demonstrated for various wave-vector mismatches occurring when the frequency of coupling fields is equal (kc{k}_{c}kc​ === kp{k}_{p}kp​), higher (kc>kp{k}_{c}>{k}_{p}kc​>kp​), or lesser (kc<kp{k}_{c}<{k}_{p}kc​<kp​) than that of the probe field frequency. Contrary to usual belief it is found that for the kc>kp{k}_{c}>{k}_{p}kc​>kp​ wave-vector mismatch case, the probe absorption profile displays very wide and almost complete single or double EIT windows whose width, depth, and location depend upon the wave-vector mismatch, Rabi frequencies, and atom field detuning of the coupling fields. Analytical results are also obtained to explain these interesting features.
The interaction of a weak probe laser with an inverted Y-type four-level atomic system driven by two additional coherent fields is investigated theoretically. Under the influence of the coherent coupling fields, the steady-state linear susceptibility of the probe laser shows that the system can have single or double electromagnetically induced transparency windows depending on the amplitude and the detuning of the coupling lasers. The corresponding index of refraction associated with the group velocity of the probe laser can be controlled at both transparency windows by the coupling fields. The propagation of the probe field can be switched from superluminal near the resonance to subluminal on resonance within the single transparency window when two coupling lasers are on resonance. We propose an atomic 87Rb system for experimental observation.
Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in five-level atomic systems is theoretically investigated for three representative configurations: M-, inverted-Y, and K-type systems driven by a weak probe field and three control laser fields. The different coupling schemes produce different quantum interference pathways and two-photon resonance conditions, leading to markedly different EIT spectra. The M-type configuration exhibits one, two, and three well-resolved transparency windows as successive control fields are introduced. In contrast, the inverted-Y configuration produces broader transparency windows because of the overlap of multiple interference channels, whereas the K-type configuration exhibits only a single EIT window when all control fields are resonant. Multiple transparency windows in the K-type system appear after introducing appropriate coupling-field detunings. Doppler broadening at room temperature significantly broadens the absorption spectrum and reduces the transparency depth, while preserving the number and positions of the EIT windows. These results demonstrate that the coupling scheme plays an important role in determining the formation and evolution of multi-window EIT spectra and identify the characteristics of the three five-level configurations for multi-channel quantum-optical applications, as well as for the experimental observation of EIT spectra in five-level configurations.