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Journal of the Optical Society of America A

Structure of saturation resonances induced by laser optical pumping in atomic barium (A)

Daniel E. Murnick, Michael M. Burns, David D. Hinshelwood, Peter G. Pappas, Michael S. Feld

Published May 1, 1978• 0 citations
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The behaviour of an optically thick column of barium vapour resonantly 10 -2 illuminated at 553.5m by a 50 ns, 10 Wm pulse from a flashlamp pumped dye 19 21 -3 laser system was investigated for barium number densities in the range 10 -10 m in the presence of He buffer gas at 100 Torr.A variety of optical saturation effects associated with the principal resonance transition were studied.In marked contrast to earlier work, saturation of the intensity of the scattered light near 553.5 nm with increasing laser power was found for a suitable geometry of the collection optics but at a laser intensity typically two orders of magnitude higher than that predicted by simple theory, despite the fact that this theory was found to describe correctly transmission measurements along the length of the vapour column.The apparent contradiction between the fluorescence and transmission results, which indicated that the scattered radiation intensity continued to rise with incident laser power, despite the population of the upper resonance level having reached a limiting saturation value, could be understood in terms of a simple model which took into consideration the spectral distribution of the scattered light and its transfer through the unexcited vapour.However, in common with other similar experiments, saturation of the scattered radiation intensity with laser power could not be totally achieved when a more usual collection optics geometry was employed.This was interpreted as a consequence of laser intensity variation across the face of the laser beam.A number of subsidiary experiments were performed.These included spatially resolved intensity measurements of the scattered radiation and time resolved metastable level population measurements.In addition, evidence for laser induced ionization was sought using two different methods and this enabled an upper limit of 10% ionization to be placed on the experiments in the present work.

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Lasing in atomic barium vapor in a resonance light field

Iosif S. Zeilikovich, S. A. Pulkin, Л. С. Гайда

Optics and Spectroscopy•Jun 1, 1987•0 citations
The behaviour of an optically thick column of barium vapour resonantly 10 -2 illuminated at 553.5m by a 50 ns, 10 Wm pulse from a flashlamp pumped dye 19 21 -3 laser system was investigated for barium number densities in the range 10 -10 m in the presence of He buffer gas at 100 Torr.A variety of optical saturation effects associated with the principal resonance transition were studied.In marked contrast to earlier work, saturation of the intensity of the scattered light near 553.5 nm with increasing laser power was found for a suitable geometry of the collection optics but at a laser intensity typically two orders of magnitude higher than that predicted by simple theory, despite the fact that this theory was found to describe correctly transmission measurements along the length of the vapour column.The apparent contradiction between the fluorescence and transmission results, which indicated that the scattered radiation intensity continued to rise with incident laser power, despite the population of the upper resonance level having reached a limiting saturation value, could be understood in terms of a simple model which took into consideration the spectral distribution of the scattered light and its transfer through the unexcited vapour.However, in common with other similar experiments, saturation of the scattered radiation intensity with laser power could not be totally achieved when a more usual collection optics geometry was employed.This was interpreted as a consequence of laser intensity variation across the face of the laser beam.A number of subsidiary experiments were performed.These included spatially resolved intensity measurements of the scattered radiation and time resolved metastable level population measurements.In addition, evidence for laser induced ionization was sought using two different methods and this enabled an upper limit of 10% ionization to be placed on the experiments in the present work.
Using two CW dye lasers barium Rydberg states were populated by stepwise two-photon absorption via the 6s6p 1 P 1 intermediate level. Monitoring the transmission of the first laser beam, tuned to the resonance line, and scanning the second laser across the upper atomic transition, a greatly enhanced signal was observed. Taking optical pumping into account, a simple rate equation model can quantitatively describe the increase in sensitivity. This technique was applied to measure the hyperfine structure of the 6s15d 1 D 2 Rydberg state in barium.