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Physical Review A

Robust and high-fidelity nondestructive Rydberg parity meter

Ri‐Hua Zheng, Yi‐Hao Kang, Shi‐Lei Su, Jie Song, Yan Xia

Published Jul 6, 2020• 47 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a robust and high-fidelity scheme to construct a nondestructive Rydberg parity meter by optimized inverse engineering, after which we can know the parity information of the bipartite state without destroying it, implying that the output bipartite state can be further used in the rest quantum information processing tasks. Specifically speaking, we build a model with two systematic Rydberg atoms and one auxiliary Rydberg atom and control them by utilizing optimized inverse engineering against systematic error. Also, since the accumulated time for the Rydberg atoms simultaneously being in Rydberg states is minimized, the mechanical effect and the further possible ionization are almost avoided. Moreover, numerical simulation shows that the present scheme is robust against the systematic error, the dephasing, and the thermal noise, demonstrating feasibility in the experiment.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.102.012609

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In this paper, we propose a robust and high-fidelity scheme to construct a nondestructive Rydberg parity meter by optimized inverse engineering, after which we can know the parity information of the bipartite state without destroying it, implying that the output bipartite state can be further used in the rest quantum information processing tasks. Specifically speaking, we build a model with two systematic Rydberg atoms and one auxiliary Rydberg atom and control them by utilizing optimized inverse engineering against systematic error. Also, since the accumulated time for the Rydberg atoms simultaneously being in Rydberg states is minimized, the mechanical effect and the further possible ionization are almost avoided. Moreover, numerical simulation shows that the present scheme is robust against the systematic error, the dephasing, and the thermal noise, demonstrating feasibility in the experiment.
Parity meters, utilized to distinguish bipartite quantum states with even or odd parity, have many applications in quantum information processing. We propose a potentially practical scheme to construct the nondestructive Rydberg parity meter (NRPM) in ground-state subspace using Rydberg atoms. Based on the proposed NRPM, the parity of the qubit atoms could be known in a deterministic and nondestructive way, implying that the output state of the NRPM can be further used in the rest of the process for quantum information tasks. In addition, we study the applications of the proposed NRPM in entangled state fusion, entangled state analysis, and quantum teleportation, as well as quantum logic gate in a decoherence-free subspace regarding collective-dephasing errors. We analyze the performance of the NRPM under the influence of decoherence and consider more general situations for the feasibility of the scheme.
Abstract The Doppler dephasing error due to residual thermal motion of atoms is a major cause of infidelity in neutral-atom quantum gates. Besides cooling and trapping advancements, few effective methods exist to mitigate this error. In the present work, we first propose an error-erasing strategy that utilizes a pair of off-resonant fields to continuously dress the protected Rydberg state with an auxiliary state, which can induce an opposite but enhanced sensitivity to the same source of Doppler dephasing error. Combining with the optimal control of laser pulses, we have realized a family of Rydberg two-qubit controlled-NOT gates in Rb and Cs atoms that are fully immune to the Doppler dephasing error. We numerically simulate this gate operation with fidelity F ≈ 0.9906 at any temperature for a lower-excited auxiliary state, and a higher fidelity of F ≈ 0.9960 can be attained for a ground auxiliary state even at a temperature of 500 µK. Finally, we predict a super-high fidelity of F > 0.9999 for 50 μ K is possible by using the robust pulses with a larger amplitude. Our results significantly reduce atomic temperature requirements for high-fidelity quantum gates, and may provide fundamental guidance to practical fault-tolerant quantum computing with neutral atoms.
Abstract Entangling gates are important for the generation of entanglement in quantum communicational and computational tasks. In this work, we propose an efficient protocol to realize the multi-qubit entangling gates with high fidelity in Rydberg atoms. Particularly, we apply the technique of soft quantum control to design the off-resonant pulses such that the atoms are driven to the ground-state subspace via unconventional Rydberg pumping. Thus, our scheme is insensitive to the decay effect as all atoms are only virtually excited. Moreover, Gaussian temporal modulation is further adopted to improve its robustness against the model uncertainty, such as operating time and environment noise. Finally, we perform numerical simulation to validate the effectiveness of our scheme. Hence, our work has potential applications in quantum information processing based on Rydberg atoms.
The multipartite Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states are indispensable elements for various quantum information processing tasks. Here we put forward two deterministic proposals to dissipatively prepare tripartite GHZ states in a neutral atom system. The first scheme utilizes the polychromatic driving fields and the engineered spontaneous emission of Rydberg states to generate a tripartite GHZ state with a high efficiency, which is then optimized by introducing the Gaussian soft control pulse. In the second scenario, we exploit the natural spontaneous emission of the Rydberg states as a resource, thence a steady tripartite GHZ state with fidelity around 98% can be obtained by simultaneously integrating the switching driving of unconventional Rydberg pumping and the Rydberg antiblockade effect.
Quantum logic gates are the essential components of quantum computation and have broad practical applications, especially for the multiple-qubit logic gates. Compared with appliying a series of single- and two-qubit gates, constrcuting quantum computation with multiple-qubit logic gates can be more efficient and high-fidelity. As a three-qubit logic gate, Deutsch gate enables the realization of any feasible quantum computations. Based on neutral atoms, we present a scheme of super-robust Deutsch gate via optimal control technique. Utilizing the Rydberg blockade effect of neutral atoms, we design an implementable D ( β ) based on the three-step program. One of the notable advantages of this function is that β can be achieved arbitrarily between 0 and π with the operation of target atom. In addition, we give an analytical solution agreed very well with numerical simulations for the residual blocking effect between next-neighbor atoms that affects the performance quality of Deutsch gate. The fidelity of our proposed scheme is demonstrated by numerical simulation of the master equation based on the full Hamiltonian, and the robustness of our scheme with control errors is also illustrated. Our proposal offers an alternative promising scheme for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
We investigate the robustness of two-qubit gates to deviations of experimental controls on a neutral atom platform utilizing Rydberg states. We construct robust controlled-Z gates---employing techniques from quantum optimal control---that retain high Bell-state fidelity F>0.999F>0.999F>0.999 in the presence of significant deviations of the coupling strength to the Rydberg state. Such deviations can arise from laser intensity noise and atomic motion in an inhomogeneous coupling field. We also discuss methods to mitigate errors due to deviations of the laser detuning. The designed pulses operate on timescales that are short compared to the fundamental decay timescale set by spontaneous emission and blackbody radiation. We account for the finite lifetime of the Rydberg state in both the optimization and fidelity calculations---this makes the gates conducive to noisy intermediate-scale quantum experiments, meaning that our protocols can reduce infidelity on near-term quantum computing devices. We calculate physical properties associated with infidelity for strontium-88 atoms---including lifetimes, polarizabilities, and blockade strengths---and use these calculations to identify optimal Rydberg states for our protocols, which allows for further minimization of infidelity.