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Physics Essays

De Broglie waves, the Schrödinger equation, and relativity. I. Exclusion of the rest mass energy in the dispersion relation

Masanori Sato

Published Mar 4, 2020• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The difference between de Broglie waves and the Schrödinger equation is the rest mass. The dispersion relation of de Broglie waves includes the rest mass, but the Schrödinger equation does not. Synchrotron radiation is when de Broglie waves shake off virtual photons and emit real photons. It also shows that synchrotron radiation is not compatible with relativity.

DOI
10.4006/0836-1398-33.1.96

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The difference between de Broglie waves and the Schrödinger equation is the rest mass. The dispersion relation of de Broglie waves includes the rest mass, but the Schrödinger equation does not. Synchrotron radiation is when de Broglie waves shake off virtual photons and emit real photons. It also shows that synchrotron radiation is not compatible with relativity.
The phase velocity is discussed using de Broglie relations and Schrödinger equation. We argue that in non-relativistic quantum mechanics the Hamiltonian should be added by a rest-energy term when Schrödinger equation is used to study the interference between particles of different masses. From neutrino oscillation experiments, we find that the phase velocity can be related to a measurable quantity (the flavor transition probability), therefore, the phase factor originated from the rest energy can’t be omitted. Correspondingly, the energy in de Broglie relations should always be total energy rather than kinetic energy, contrary to some textbooks of quantum mechanics.
We demonstrate that the Compton wavelength mathematically corresponds exactly to the photon wavelength of rest mass energy. On the other hand, the de Broglie wavelength is not defined for a rest-mass particle, but if the particle is nearly at rest, then the de Broglie wavelength approaches infinity, and the corresponding photon wavelength of the rest-mass energy is then this length times vc\frac{v}{c}cv​ again, that is it approaches zero when vvv approaches zero. Our analysis indicates that the de Broglie wavelength appears to be a pure mathematical derivative of the Compton wavelength. Everything that can be expressed with the de Broglie wavelength can essentially be expressed by the Compton wavelength. We also demonstrate how spectral lines from atoms and chemical elements are linked to the Compton wavelength of the electron and that the Rydberg constant is not needed. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the Compton frequency is embedded in the Schrodinger equation, the Dirac equation, and the Klein-Gordon equation, where the Planck constant actually cancels out, and the de Broglie wavelength is not present in these equations. The Compton frequency seems to be linked to the quantization in quantum mechanics rather than the Planck constant. Additionally, we discuss recent literature that shows a remarkably simple but overlooked way to quantize Newton's and General Relativity theories, as well as other gravity theories, and also how to link them to the Planck scale. This, once again, leads to the conclusion that the Compton wavelength and Compton frequency are related to the quantization of matter and, thereby, the quantization of gravity. In addition, the Planck length plays a crucial role in quantum gravity, as demonstrated. Viewing physics through the de Broglie wavelength is like looking at the world through a distorted lens; switch to the Compton wavelength, and the distortion is removed, allowing us to see simplicity and clarity even in complex phenomena such as quantum gravity.
We will here show that there is one more relativistic wave equation rooted in the relativistic energy Compton moment relation, which should not be confused with the standard relativistic energy momentum relation. The standard momentum is, from a quantum perspective, rooted in the de Broglie wave. The de Broglie wave is not mathematically defined for rest-mass particles and has strange properties such as converging to infinity when the particle is almost at rest. As mentioned in the previous paper, the de Broglie wave is likely just a mathematical derivative of the true matter wave, which we have good reasons to think is the Compton wave. A wave equation that satisfies the relativistic energy Compton momentum relation will, in addition automatically satisfy the standard relativistic energy momentum relation, so there is no conflict between these two relations. The new one related to Compton is just the deeper reality and help explain why it gives simpler and more elegant relativistic wave equations, which are likely easier to interpret in terms of the physical reality.
We demonstrate that the Compton wavelength mathematically corresponds exactly to the photon wavelength of rest mass energy. On the other hand, the de Broglie wavelength is not defined for a rest-mass particle, but if the particle is nearly at rest, then the de Broglie wavelength approaches infinity, and the corresponding photon wavelength of the rest-mass energy is then this length times vc\frac{v}{c}cv​ again, that is it approaches zero when vvv approaches zero. Our analysis indicates that the de Broglie wavelength appears to be a pure mathematical derivative of the Compton wavelength. Everything that can be expressed with the de Broglie wavelength can essentially be expressed by the Compton wavelength. We also demonstrate how spectral lines from atoms and chemical elements are linked to the Compton wavelength of the electron and that the Rydberg constant is not needed. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the Compton frequency is embedded in the Schrodinger equation, the Dirac equation, and the Klein-Gordon equation, where the Planck constant actually cancels out, and the de Broglie wavelength is not present in these equations. The Compton frequency seems to be linked to the quantization in quantum mechanics rather than the Planck constant. Additionally, we discuss recent literature that shows a remarkably simple but overlooked way to quantize Newton's and General Relativity theories, as well as other gravity theories, and also how to link them to the Planck scale. This, once again, leads to the conclusion that the Compton wavelength and Compton frequency are related to the quantization of matter and, thereby, the quantization of gravity. In addition, the Planck length plays a crucial role in quantum gravity, as demonstrated. Viewing physics through the de Broglie wavelength is like looking at the world through a distorted lens; switch to the Compton wavelength, and the distortion is removed, allowing us to see simplicity and clarity even in complex phenomena such as quantum gravity.
This paper analyzes the quantities of energy and momentum in the definitional rela-tionship of relativistic mechanics, in the de Broglie momentum hypothesis and in the Klein-Gordon, Dirac and Schrodinger equation. The results of analysis shows that Planck constant and relativistic relationships on the length contraction and increase in mass are a reflection of the same physical principles in nature, that λ designated in the de Broglie hypothesis λ =h/mv as the wave of matter with rest state value λ = ∞ must be connected with a real dimension of a particle with rest state value λ = lo = moc and that on this ba-sis we can come to the fundamental equations of quantum mechanics that are the Klein-Gordon, Dirac and Schrodinger equation without the necessity of the wave functions.
In this article, it is shown that if a particle is at rest and has some harmonic oscillation, then a traveling particle with a constant speed corresponds to a De Broglie Wave.In 1924, De Broglie proposed that particles of matter exhibit wave like behavior, the expression for which became fundamental in the creation of wave mechanics (quantum mechanics).The main equation for this is the Schrödinger equation, which in the case of free motion of a particle becomes the expression for the De Broglie wave.This hypothesis is supported by many early experiments on the diffraction of electrons, and later the development of modern physics.However until now, the origin of this hypothesis remains unclear.We show that the expression for the De Broglie wavelength can be obtained from a more general well-known concept, that any particle at rest has a corresponding harmonic oscillation that transforms into a wave of a moving particle with the help of relativistic change of coordinates (the Lorentz transformations).In this way, a De Broglie wave can be explained as a spacetime wave.