Theoretical studies of Bose-Einstein condensates

Renju Rajan, P. Ramesh Babu, Krishnamoorthy Senthilnathan

Bose–Einstein condensation is a state of matter known to be responsible for peculiar properties exhibited by superfluid Helium-4 and superconductors. Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) in its pure form is realizable with alkali atoms under ultra-cold temperatures. In this paper, we review the experimental scheme that demonstrates the atomic Bose–Einstein condensate. We also elaborate on the theoretical framework for atomic Bose–Einstein condensation, which includes statistical mechanics and the Gross–Pitaevskii equation. As an extension, we discuss Bose–Einstein condensation of photons realized in a fluorescent dye filled optical microcavity. We analyze this phenomenon based on the generalized Planck’s law in statistical mechanics. Further, a comparison is made between photon condensate and laser. We describe how photon condensate may be a possible alternative for lasers since it does not require an energy consuming population inversion process.

Adelchi Fabrocini

Michael R. Andrews, Dallin Durfee, S. Inouye +3 more

Nick P. Proukakis, DW Snoke, PB Littlewood

Following an explosion of research on Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) ignited by demonstration of the effect by 2001 Nobel prize winners Cornell, Wieman and Ketterle, this book surveys the field of BEC studies. Written by experts in the field, it focuses on Bose–Einstein condensation as a universal phenomenon, covering topics such as cold atoms, magnetic and optical condensates in solids, liquid helium and field theory. Summarising general theoretical concepts and the research to date - including novel experimental realisations in previously inaccessible systems and their theoretical interpretation - it is an excellent resource for researchers and students in theoretical and experimental physics who wish to learn of the general themes of BEC in different subfields.

Sunipa Som

The research on the Bose Einstein Condensation (BEC) of polaritons is of increasing importance due to its many technological applications. Several experimental and theoretical methods have been applied for the investigation on the BEC of excitons. Different experimental procedures and theoretical methods have been discussed in this chapter. Current research progress in this field and the applications of the BEC are also explained.

Atom Michelson Interferometers, Rudra Prasad Kae