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APS

Bose-Einstein Condensation of an Attractive Gas

Randall G. Hulet

Published May 1, 1996• 0 citations
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Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of atoms with attractive interactions is profoundly different from BEC of atoms with repulsive interactions. We describe experiments with Bose condensates of 7Li atoms, which are weakly attracting at ultralow temperature. We measure the distribution of condensate occupation numbers occurring in the gas using a near-resonant optical probe to image the atom cloud. This data shows that the number is limited and demonstrates the dynamics of condensate growth and collapse due to the attractive interactions.

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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•May 1, 1997•14 citations
Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of atoms with attractive interactions is profoundly different from BEC of atoms with repulsive interactions. We describe experiments with Bose condensates of 7Li atoms, which are weakly attracting at ultralow temperature. We measure the distribution of condensate occupation numbers occurring in the gas using a near-resonant optical probe to image the atom cloud. This data shows that the number is limited and demonstrates the dynamics of condensate growth and collapse due to the attractive interactions.
Bose-Einstein condensation of 7Li has been studied in a magnetically trapped gas. Because of the effectively attractive interactions between 7Li atoms, many-body quantum theory predicts that the occupation number of the condensate is limited to about 1400 atoms. We observe the condensate number to be limited to a maximum value between 650 and 1300 atoms. The measurements were made using a versatile phase-contrast imaging technique. We discuss our measurements, the current theoretical understanding of BEC in a gas with attractive interactions, and future experiments we hope to perform.