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Physical Review A

Nonlinear electromagnetic pulse isolator

Alexander A. Zabolotskii

Published May 18, 2020• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

A nonlinear medium with nonreciprocal propagation of electromagnetic field pulses is proposed and studied. The medium consists of a long waveguide surrounded by two-level media implanted in a straight spiral. Respective Maxwell-Bloch system describing evolution of the pulses in the waveguide with nonlinear feedback is derived. The influence of the neighbors' dipole fields taken into account in the tight bounding approximation manifests itself in the appearance of the nonlinear differential terms. Under the condition of unidirectional propagation of field pulses, the Maxwell-Bloch system of equations is reduced to an integrable system. Analysis of obtained exact solutions have shown that these differential terms are responsible for the nonreciprocity of the propagation of field pulses in the waveguide. Using the soliton solution as an example, it is shown that the spiral arrangement of atoms yields critical dependence of the evolution of field pulses on the direction of their propagation or on the chirality of the medium.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.101.053837

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A nonlinear medium with nonreciprocal propagation of electromagnetic field pulses is proposed and studied. The medium consists of a long waveguide surrounded by two-level media implanted in a straight spiral. Respective Maxwell-Bloch system describing evolution of the pulses in the waveguide with nonlinear feedback is derived. The influence of the neighbors' dipole fields taken into account in the tight bounding approximation manifests itself in the appearance of the nonlinear differential terms. Under the condition of unidirectional propagation of field pulses, the Maxwell-Bloch system of equations is reduced to an integrable system. Analysis of obtained exact solutions have shown that these differential terms are responsible for the nonreciprocity of the propagation of field pulses in the waveguide. Using the soliton solution as an example, it is shown that the spiral arrangement of atoms yields critical dependence of the evolution of field pulses on the direction of their propagation or on the chirality of the medium.
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Abstract The dynamics of a field in a thin waveguide surrounded by helically arranged two-level atoms is studied. The interaction of the induced polarizations of atoms with the field propagating inside the waveguide is described by a system of reduced Maxwell–Bloch equations (RMBEs) in the approximation of unidirectional propagation of the field. Nonlocal dipole–dipole interaction (DDI) of the polarizations of atoms in the helix is described in the approximation of the interaction of nearest neighbors in a curvilinear medium. Soliton solutions of an integrable reduction of the system of equations describing the asymmetric propagation of field pulses in the waveguide in the forward and backward directions are found by the method of Riemann problem with zeros. It is shown that, depending on the chirality sign or the propagation direction, a field pulse in the waveguide can have either the shape of a sharp peak or a nearly rectangular shape. Solutions describing the evolution of field pulses on a nonzero pedestal show that the shape and amplitude of the field pulses can be controlled by the external pumping parameters.
A planar homogeneous waveguide array with two-level systems has been considered. The evolution of an electromagnetic field is described by the Maxwell-Bloch equations taking into account the action of the fields of neighboring waveguides beyond the slow-envelope approximation. It has been shown that the model in the continuous approximation is reduced to an integrable system of equations, including the case of a nonzero static dipole moment. The model can be used to analyze the nonlinear mechanism of the compression of pulses and the conditions of overcoming of the diffraction limit.
The evolution of the electromagnetic field in a two-level medium occurring in a matrix with finite response time has been studied. An integrable variant of the Maxwell-Bloch equations with allowance for nonlinear dispersion is derived and solved using the inverse scattering problem. It is shown that the nonlinear dispersion caused by the finite response time of the matrix yields a new possibility of controlling soliton parameters. A particular case of the constructed model can be used to describe field pulses in the parameter domain that occurs between the regions of applicability of the quasi-monochromatic approximation and the approximation of unidirectional propagation of pulses with durations on the order of the oscillation period.
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