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Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics

Efficient routing quantum information in one-dimensional tight-binding array

Bing Chen, Yu-Zhen He, Tian-Tian Chu, Qing-Hui Shen, Jiaming Zhang, Yandong Peng

Published Mar 18, 2020• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We present an efficient quantum router using a fully-engineered one-dimensional tight-binding array acting as quantum data bus. Quantum routing is achieved by weakly coupling the sender and the receivers to the data bus. We show that perfect transfer of a state between sender and a chosen receiver can be achieved via appropriately tuning the on-site energy applied on the site of the sender. A generalization of this model to the case of multiple receivers is then studied. The results show that the state is equally split between receivers who participate in communication. Moreover, that a similar idea can be used to create $W$ state between all receivers is further emphasized.

DOI
10.1093/ptep/ptaa051

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Abstract We present an efficient quantum router using a fully-engineered one-dimensional tight-binding array acting as quantum data bus. Quantum routing is achieved by weakly coupling the sender and the receivers to the data bus. We show that perfect transfer of a state between sender and a chosen receiver can be achieved via appropriately tuning the on-site energy applied on the site of the sender. A generalization of this model to the case of multiple receivers is then studied. The results show that the state is equally split between receivers who participate in communication. Moreover, that a similar idea can be used to create WWW state between all receivers is further emphasized.
Two different models are presented that allow for efficiently performing routing of a quantum state. Both cases involve an XXXXXX spin chain working as a data bus and additional spins that play the role of sender and receivers, one of which is selected to be the target of the quantum state transmission protocol via a coherent quantum coupling mechanism making use of local and/or global magnetic fields. Quantum routing is achieved in the first of the models considered by weakly coupling the sender and the receiver to the data bus. On the other hand, in the second model, local magnetic fields acting on additional spins located between the sender and receiver and the data bus allow us to perform high-fidelity routing.
Abstract Motivated by the need for quantum computers to communicate between multiple, well separated qubits, we introduce the task of routing the quantum state from one input mode to a superposition of several output modes coherently. We report an experimental demonstration of a deterministic photonic routing protocol applied to an entangled state. We show in a quantum walk architecture, quantum networks perfectly route entangled states from an initial input mode to an arbitrary output mode coherently and deterministically. Our results demonstrate the key principle of a perfect router, opening a route toward data routing and transferring for quantum computing systems. The routing algorithm in our work can be applied to a wide range of physical systems, which provides a way for effective design of efficient routing protocols on practical quantum networks.
We address the problem of routing quantum and classical information from one sender to many possible receivers in a network. By employing the formalism of quantum walks, we describe the dynamics on a discrete structure based on a complete graph, where the sites naturally provide a basis for encoding the quantum state to be transmitted. Upon tuning a single phase or weight in the Hamiltonian, we achieve near-unitary routing fidelity, enabling the selective delivery of information to designated receivers for both classical and quantum data. The structure is inherently scalable, accommodating an arbitrary number of receivers. The routing time is largely independent of the network's dimension and input state, and the routing performance is robust under static and dynamic noise, at least for a short time.
We examine a quantum routing mechanism utilizing a giant-atom-like array coupled to two one-dimensional waveguides. The giant-atom-like array is formed by a one-dimensional array of three-level-systems. In the regime of strong atom-waveguide coupling and weak inter-atomic interactions, this system functions as an efficient and directionally controllable single-photon router. Our analysis shows that the routing behavior is influenced by effective phase accumulation and interference effects, which can be adjusted by varying the number of coupling sites NNN, the photon energy EEE, and the inter-atomic coupling strength JJJ. Importantly, we identify configurations that enable perfect photon transfer (100%100 \%100% efficiency) over a wide range of energies and that provide dynamic control over the output channel. In addition, we investigate how the system responds to changes in its internal parameters, demonstrating the robustness and scalability of routing performance. These findings underscore the potential of this setup for implementation in reconfigurable and integrated quantum photonic networks.
The importance of transporting quantum information and entanglement with high fidelity cannot be overemphasized. We present a scheme based on adiabatic passage that allows for transportation of a qubit, operator measurements, and entanglement, using a one-dimensional array of quantum sites with a single sender (Alice) and multiple receivers (Bobs). Alice need not know which Bob is the receiver, and if several Bobs try to receive the signal, they obtain a superposition state that can be used to realize two-qubit operator measurements for the generation of maximally entangled states.
Large-scale communication networks, such as the Internet, rely on routing packets of data through multiple intermediate nodes to transmit information from a sender to a receiver. In this paper, we develop a model of a quantum communication network that routes information simultaneously along multiple paths passing through intermediate stations. We demonstrate that a quantum routing approach can in principle extend the distance over which information can be transmitted reliably. Surprisingly, the benefit of quantum routing also applies to the transmission of classical information: even if the transmitted data is purely classical, delocalising it on multiple routes can enhance the achievable transmission distance. Our findings highlight the potential of a future quantum internet not only for achieving secure quantum communication and distributed quantum computing but also for extending the range of classical data transmission.