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Science in China. Series G, Physics, mechanics & astronomy/Science in China. Series G, Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy

Quantum entanglement and quantum operation

Ye Ming

Published Jan 1, 2008• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

It is a simple introduction to quantum entanglement and quantum operations.The authors focus on some applications of quantum entanglement and relations between two-qubit entangled states and unitary operations.It includes remote state preparation by using any pure entangled states,nonlocal operation implementation using entangled states,entanglement capacity of two-qubit gates and two-qubit gates construction.

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Quantum Remote Control of Unitary Operations on a Qubit of Pure Entangled States

姚春梅

我们认为纯 two-qubit 的一 qubit 上的任意的单一的操作的遥远的实现经由详细交换的纠纷与 100% 效率纠缠了状态，然后直接从 two-qubit 概括这个协议到 N-qubit 纠缠的状态。Theoverall 古典信息和为这个量遥控协议修理的分布式的纠纷费用是不到双向量状态远距传物方法。

Chinese Physics Letters•Jan 1, 2006•0 citations

Probabilistic remote implementation of nonlocal Toffoli gate with pure entangled states against collective noise

Ping Zhou, Xian-Fang Jiao

Remote implementation of nonlocal quantum gates is one of the central tasks in quantum communication. Researchers devote much interest in remote implementation of nonlocal quantum gates via quantum entangled channel. Remote implementation protocols of two-qubit controlled-not gate, three-qubit Toffoli gate have been presented. We present two schemes for remote implementation of nonlocal Toffoli gate via partially entangled quantum channel against collective noise. The first is used to remote implementing of nonlocal Toffoli gate via partially entangled channel against collective-dephasing noise, and the second is used to remote implementing of nonlocal Toffoli gate against collective-rotation noise. The schemes are tolerant of collective-dephasing noise and collective-rotating noise. The agents can implement the Toffoli gate nonlocally with partially entangled quantum channel by introducing an auxiliary qubit and performing general evolution. The schemes are more convenient in application since they only requires partially entangled quantum states for nonlocal implementation of quantum operations.

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Entanglement-assisted coherent control for deterministic quantum gate teleportation

Santiago Avila, Marco Enríquez

Abstract Quantum gate teleportation enables spatially separated parties to implement nonlocal quantum operations using preshared entanglement, local operations, measurement, and classical communication. Here, we present a two-branch entanglement-assisted coherent-control architecture for the deterministic remote implementation of nonlocal two-qubit gates. In this architecture, the two parties coherently select between two pairs of local unitary operations acting on their respective input qubits, a structure that can be naturally encoded through spatial-path superposition. The protocol is formulated at the operator level, allowing deterministic operation to be established independently of the input-state parametrization and making its scope explicit. For two-qubit unitary targets, we show that the deterministic branch conditions restrict the nonlocal domain of the balanced two-branch ansatz: apart from local product operations, any implementable nonlocal unitary must be locally unitarily equivalent to the CNOT/CZ class. We construct explicit CNOT and controlled- Z realizations as two representatives of this unique nonlocal equivalence class. We also introduce a photonic path-encoding and destructive branch-readout scheme in which spatial path encodes the coherent-control degree of freedom and polarization carries the computational qubits, illustrating how the proposed architecture can be physically encoded.

Scientific Reports•Oct 10, 2026•0 citations

An introduction to the theory of quantum entanglement

Fei Shao -

Quantum entangled states play very important roles in quantum information processing,such as quantum teleportation,dense coding,error correction,cryptography,and computation.The theory of entanglement mainly concerns the characterization of quantum entanglement and the classification of quantum states,as well as its applications in quantum information processing.We present some basic concepts and results,including:the relationship between locality and reality in quantum mechanics and Bell inequalities,and that between Bell inequalities and the separability of quantum states;the definition of separability for pure and mixed quantum states,and some separability criteria such as the positive map approach,positive partial transpose,reduction criterion,realignment,entanglement witnesses,and the covariance matrix approach and local uncertainty relations;some entanglement measures such as the entanglement of formation,concurrence,relative entropy,negativity,tangle,entanglement of assistance,and their estimation;the change in entanglement when the physical system evolves or undergoes interaction with the environment.

•Jan 1, 2010•0 citations

QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT: THEORY, APPLICATIONS AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

Anantjit Publication

QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT: THEORY, APPLICATIONS AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES provides a comprehensive introduction to one of the most fascinating and fundamental phenomena of quantum mechanics. The book explains the theoretical foundations of quantum entanglement, including quantum states, superposition, measurement, non-local correlations, Bell’s theorem, and the principles underlying entangled systems. It further examines important applications of entanglement in quantum computing, quantum communication, quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation, quantum sensing, and information processing. Special attention is given to emerging technologies and current research directions that are shaping the development of next-generation quantum systems. By connecting fundamental concepts with practical applications, the book helps readers understand both the scientific significance and technological potential of quantum entanglement. It is intended as a useful reference for students, researchers, educators, and readers interested in quantum science, information technology, and emerging quantum technologies.

•Sep 30, 2026•0 citations
It is a simple introduction to quantum entanglement and quantum operations.The authors focus on some applications of quantum entanglement and relations between two-qubit entangled states and unitary operations.It includes remote state preparation by using any pure entangled states,nonlocal operation implementation using entangled states,entanglement capacity of two-qubit gates and two-qubit gates construction.
Remote implementation of nonlocal quantum gates is one of the central tasks in quantum communication. Researchers devote much interest in remote implementation of nonlocal quantum gates via quantum entangled channel. Remote implementation protocols of two-qubit controlled-not gate, three-qubit Toffoli gate have been presented. We present two schemes for remote implementation of nonlocal Toffoli gate via partially entangled quantum channel against collective noise. The first is used to remote implementing of nonlocal Toffoli gate via partially entangled channel against collective-dephasing noise, and the second is used to remote implementing of nonlocal Toffoli gate against collective-rotation noise. The schemes are tolerant of collective-dephasing noise and collective-rotating noise. The agents can implement the Toffoli gate nonlocally with partially entangled quantum channel by introducing an auxiliary qubit and performing general evolution. The schemes are more convenient in application since they only requires partially entangled quantum states for nonlocal implementation of quantum operations.
Abstract Quantum gate teleportation enables spatially separated parties to implement nonlocal quantum operations using preshared entanglement, local operations, measurement, and classical communication. Here, we present a two-branch entanglement-assisted coherent-control architecture for the deterministic remote implementation of nonlocal two-qubit gates. In this architecture, the two parties coherently select between two pairs of local unitary operations acting on their respective input qubits, a structure that can be naturally encoded through spatial-path superposition. The protocol is formulated at the operator level, allowing deterministic operation to be established independently of the input-state parametrization and making its scope explicit. For two-qubit unitary targets, we show that the deterministic branch conditions restrict the nonlocal domain of the balanced two-branch ansatz: apart from local product operations, any implementable nonlocal unitary must be locally unitarily equivalent to the CNOT/CZ class. We construct explicit CNOT and controlled- Z realizations as two representatives of this unique nonlocal equivalence class. We also introduce a photonic path-encoding and destructive branch-readout scheme in which spatial path encodes the coherent-control degree of freedom and polarization carries the computational qubits, illustrating how the proposed architecture can be physically encoded.
Quantum entangled states play very important roles in quantum information processing,such as quantum teleportation,dense coding,error correction,cryptography,and computation.The theory of entanglement mainly concerns the characterization of quantum entanglement and the classification of quantum states,as well as its applications in quantum information processing.We present some basic concepts and results,including:the relationship between locality and reality in quantum mechanics and Bell inequalities,and that between Bell inequalities and the separability of quantum states;the definition of separability for pure and mixed quantum states,and some separability criteria such as the positive map approach,positive partial transpose,reduction criterion,realignment,entanglement witnesses,and the covariance matrix approach and local uncertainty relations;some entanglement measures such as the entanglement of formation,concurrence,relative entropy,negativity,tangle,entanglement of assistance,and their estimation;the change in entanglement when the physical system evolves or undergoes interaction with the environment.
QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT: THEORY, APPLICATIONS AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES provides a comprehensive introduction to one of the most fascinating and fundamental phenomena of quantum mechanics. The book explains the theoretical foundations of quantum entanglement, including quantum states, superposition, measurement, non-local correlations, Bell’s theorem, and the principles underlying entangled systems. It further examines important applications of entanglement in quantum computing, quantum communication, quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation, quantum sensing, and information processing. Special attention is given to emerging technologies and current research directions that are shaping the development of next-generation quantum systems. By connecting fundamental concepts with practical applications, the book helps readers understand both the scientific significance and technological potential of quantum entanglement. It is intended as a useful reference for students, researchers, educators, and readers interested in quantum science, information technology, and emerging quantum technologies.