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Many-body theory of quantum dots

P. B. Jones

Published Jan 1, 2002• 0 citations
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QUANTUM DOTS AND THE MANY-BODY PROBLEM

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A many-body theory for quantum coherence in a semiconductor quantum-dot system is presented. We present the theory in detail for a Λ scheme in a InGaAs–GaAs quantum dot with a pulsed drive field. The paper shows the significant differences in the predictions of this theory and those of an independent-particle treatment, adapted from atomic quantum coherence theory. Specifically, the influence of the quantum-dot level structure on group-velocity slowdown is discussed, and the influence of different Coulomb renormalization effects is analysed.
We investigate the effect of many-body interactions on the optical absorption spectrum of a charge-tunable quantum dot coupled to a degenerate electron gas. A constructive Fano interference between an indirect path, associated with an intradot exciton generation followed by tunneling, and a direct path, associated with the ionization of a valence-band quantum dot electron, ensures the visibility of the ensuing Fermi-edge singularity despite weak absorption strength. We find good agreement between experiment and renormalization group theory, but only when we generalize the Anderson impurity model to include a static hole and a dynamic dot-electron scattering potential. The latter highlights the fact that an optically active dot acts as a tunable quantum impurity, enabling the investigation of a new dynamic regime of Fermi-edge physics.