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Applied Sciences

Performance Analysis of Quantum Key Distribution Technology for Power Business

Bingzhen Zhao, Xiaoming Zha, Zhiyu Chen, Rui Shi, Dong Wang, Tianliang Peng, Longchuan Yan

Published Apr 23, 2020• 30 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Considering the complexity of power grid environments and the diversity of power communication transmission losses, this study proposes a quantum key distribution (QKD) network structure suitable for power business scenarios. Through simulating the power communication transmission environment, performance indicators of quantum channels and data interaction channels in power QKD systems are tested and evaluated from six aspects, such as distance loss, galloping loss, splice loss, data traffic, encryption algorithm and system stability. In the actual environment, this study combines the production business to build a QKD network suitable for power scenarios, and conducts performance analyses. The experimental results show that power QKD technologies can meet the operation index requirements of power businesses, as well as provide a reference for large-scale applications of the technology.

DOI
10.3390/app10082906

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Considering the complexity of power grid environments and the diversity of power communication transmission losses, this study proposes a quantum key distribution (QKD) network structure suitable for power business scenarios. Through simulating the power communication transmission environment, performance indicators of quantum channels and data interaction channels in power QKD systems are tested and evaluated from six aspects, such as distance loss, galloping loss, splice loss, data traffic, encryption algorithm and system stability. In the actual environment, this study combines the production business to build a QKD network suitable for power scenarios, and conducts performance analyses. The experimental results show that power QKD technologies can meet the operation index requirements of power businesses, as well as provide a reference for large-scale applications of the technology.
Electric power communication security is an important support for the development of Energy Internet, secure transmission protection of core and sensitive business data is the vital task of electric power telecommunication network. Quantum secret communication systems rely on quantum key distribution (QKD) mechanism. As the core equipment in quantum secret communication system, quantum VPN achieves data encryption and decryption with quantum key to improve the cipher security of traditional VPN, which can effectively enhance network security of communication in Energy Internet. In this paper, the working mechanism of quantum key distribution and quantum VPN (QuVPN) equipment is firstly described for the commercial quantum secret communication system based on polarization modulation. The simulation experiment structure of quantum VPN is designed, and the experimental environment is established by using the practical QKD equipment, quantum VPN and network tester. The most important performance characteristics including throughput, delay and encryption algorithm of quantum VPN are tested and statistically analyzed, and the verification of secure network transmission with quantum key is implemented. The test results can provide some technical reference for extensive application of quantum VPN in power grid production and management informatization business.
With the development of smart grids, the demand for cybersecurity is increasing rapidly. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), which can theoretically achieve secure information transmission, has the potential to enhance the security of power communication. To overcome the structural limitations and resource constraints of current QKD-based communication schemes, this paper proposes a multi-resource hybrid QKD-based communication scheme for power grids. This scheme meets the diverse secure communication needs of power systems through the coordinated utilization of multiple QKD resources. First, the advantages and disadvantages of satellite, fiber, and wireless QKD methods, along with their respective application scenarios, are analyzed. Then, considering the synergistic effects of hybrid QKD and the varied demands of power businesses, a quantum resource deployment optimization model is established. This model aims to minimize the system’s information risk index and is reformulated as a solvable mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is validated using a modified IEEE RTS-79 test system and two real-world power communication systems. By analyzing on sensitivity, adaptability, scalability and IoT applications of various QKD methods, this study provides valuable insights for the large-scale deployment of quantum-secure power communication networks in the future.
The smart grid relies on information and communication technology to enhance capabilities and electricity management, with information technology aimed at safeguarding the power grid. However, despite leveraging modern communication systems, the smart grid still faces various security challenges. In this paper, we present our work on implementing quantum key distribution (QKD) in the smart grid. Unlike previous approaches, we designed and evaluated separate wired and wireless key distribution mechanisms to securely distribute keys to the terminals. Our experimental results verified that the bit error rate (BER) of the wired key distribution is below 1.5%, and the code rate exceeds 3 Mbps when the transmission distance is less than 10 km. Additionally, we analyzed the performance of wireless key distribution mechanisms. Through theoretical analysis and application scenario evaluation, we demonstrated the feasibility of using QKD to ensure the security of the smart grid.
With the continuous development of power communication network and the improvement of intelligent degree, network security and operation and maintenance become more and more important. Therefore, this paper proposes a solution for intelligent security operation and maintenance of power communication network based on Quantum key distribution (QKD). QKD is an encryption technology based on the principle of quantum mechanics, which can realize secure Key exchange and resist attacks of traditional encryption algorithms. We use QKD technology to generate and distribute security keys for protecting communication and data transmission in power communication networks. The results show that the efficiency and accuracy of communication data acquisition, transmission, analysis and processing of the Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations system of the power communication network using the power Internet of Things technology are far higher than that of the traditional operation and maintenance technology, which improves the operation and maintenance accuracy of the power communication network by about 25%. The intelligent operation and maintenance system of the power communication network designed by the author, it effectively improves the communication data processing capability and the reliability of operation and maintenance results, and can meet the current practical engineering application requirements. This study provides an innovative solution for the secure operation and maintenance of power communication networks, which is of great significance for protecting the security and stable operation of power communication networks.
With the expansion of the power grid and the increase of the complexity of the power system, the power grid has more stringent requirements for the security of the services transmission. In the secondary protection system of power systems, traditional encryption devices use symmetric encryption algorithms to add and decrypt communication data. Quantum keys have extremely high security. Applying the quantum keys to the power communication network encryption devices can greatly improve the security of service transmission. The quantum key resources generated by the existing quantum key distribution devices is limited, and it is difficult to ensure that all power services data are encrypted and transmitted. Therefore, it is necessary to prioritize the confidential transmission of important services by establishing appropriate evaluation methods for services importance. A relative importance matrix based on the transmission performance indicators of each service was built under the background of quantum communication, so as to obtain the importance of the power communication network business, and to carry out subsequent quantum key application strategy research.
Quantum cryptography is an epoch-making technology with irreplaceable security, which has been widely used in the field of secure communication. This paper first explores the application prospects of quantum communication technology in power systems. Secondly, this paper innovatively proposes a power secure communication method based on quantum keys. At the same time, this paper constructs the quantum key secure communication network architecture and analyzes the application principle and security mechanism of quantum key. Taking the quantum key management system as the core, the author designs and implements the quantum key security storage and business security process application model. Thirdly, this paper uses the local search algorithm to optimize the parameters of the MDI-QKD protocol under symmetric and asymmetric conditions, and gives its optimized key rate. Finally, this paper uses the actual quantum key distribution equipment, quantum VPN and network tester to build an experimental environment. The system uses a comprehensive network tester to simulate the power grid application business information to test and statistically analyze the core performance characteristics of quantum VPN, such as throughput, delay, and encryption algorithm. The experimental results can provide a reference for the popularization and application of the quantum secure communication system in the power grid production control and management information business.