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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Asymmetric diffraction in an inverted-Y Rydberg atomic system

Ji-Bing Liu, Na Liu, Chuan-Jia Shan, Hong Li, Tang-Kun Liu, Anshou Zheng

Published Apr 15, 2020• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract In this paper, the dynamics of an inverted-Y-type Rydberg atomic system are investigated. This system is driven by a weak probe field and two control fields. Under the condition of periodical modulation of the standing wave field, a new scheme of generating asymmetric diffraction grating in a Rydberg atomic system, considering the strong dipole–dipole interaction, is present. This is an alternative scheme to generate unidirectional diffraction, and the results show that the first-order diffraction coefficient is dependent on the detunings of the control fields. Compared to other schemes, the diffraction direction is easy controlled by only adjusting the frequency of the control fields.

DOI
10.1088/1361-6455/ab894c

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Abstract In this paper, the dynamics of an inverted-Y-type Rydberg atomic system are investigated. This system is driven by a weak probe field and two control fields. Under the condition of periodical modulation of the standing wave field, a new scheme of generating asymmetric diffraction grating in a Rydberg atomic system, considering the strong dipole–dipole interaction, is present. This is an alternative scheme to generate unidirectional diffraction, and the results show that the first-order diffraction coefficient is dependent on the detunings of the control fields. Compared to other schemes, the diffraction direction is easy controlled by only adjusting the frequency of the control fields.
A method for diffracting the weak probe beam into unidirectional and higher-order directions is proposed via a Rydberg electromagnetically induced grating, providing a way for the implementations of quantum devices with cold Rydberg atoms. The proposed scheme utilizes a suitable position-dependent adjustment to the two-photon detuning besides the modulation of the standing-wave coupling field, producing an in-phase modulation which can change the parity of the dispersion. We observe that when the modulation amplitude is appropriate, a perfect unidirectional diffraction grating can be realized. In addition, due to the mutual effect between the van der Waals (vdW) interaction and the atom-field interaction length that deeply improves the dispersion of the medium, the probe energy can be counterintuitively transferred into higher-order diffractions as increasing the vdW interaction, leading to the realization of a controllable higher-order diffraction grating via a strong blockade.
Abstract A two-dimensional (2D) asymmetric diffraction grating controlled by vortex light in a double-Λ-type atomic system is studied. Such an atomic system is driven by a weak traveling-wave probe field and a signal field, a position-dependent strong standing-wave (SW) control field, and a Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) vortex field. Due to the asymmetric properties of the LG vortex field, the probe photons can be asymmetrically diffracted into four different domains after passing through the atomic media. The Diffraction patterns and intensities of the 2D asymmetric diffraction grating can be manipulated by the detuning of the probe field, the interaction length, and the intensity of SW control field. In addition, the relative phase and the azimuth parameter which is closely related to the vortex light also can be used to regulate the asymmetric diffraction grating effectively. This work may provide useful reference for optical information processing, especially for the design of optical beam dividers with desired intensities and novel quantum devices requiring asymmetric optical transmission.
Abstract We propose a theoretical scheme to realize a two-dimensional (2D) diffraction grating in a four-level inverted-Y-type atomic system coupled by a standing-wave (SW) field and a Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) vortex field. Owing to asymmetric spatial modulation of the LG vortex field, the incident probe field can be lopsidedly diffracted into four domains and an asymmetric 2D electromagnetically induced grating is created. By adjusting the detunings of the probe field and the LG vortex field, the intensities of the LG vortex field and the coherent SW field, as well as the interaction length, the diffraction properties and efficiency, can be effectively manipulated. In addition, the effect of the azimuthal parameter on the Fraunhofer diffraction of the probe field is also discussed. This asymmetric 2D diffraction grating scheme may provide a versatile platform for designing quantum devices that require asymmetric light transmission.
Abstract A new theoretical scheme for two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is proposed in a three-level Ξ-type atomic system. The system is driven by a weak probe field and two position-dependent coupling fields—a 2D standing-wave field and a vortex field. Due to lopsided spatial modulation of the vortex Laguerre–Gaussian field, the weak probe light could be diffracted into different domains and asymmetric 2D EIG is formed. The result shows that the diffraction patterns and efficiency could be effectively modulated by the azimuthal parameter of the vortex field. Also, the system parameters such as the probe field detuning, the intensity of the vortex field, and the interaction length could be used to regulate the diffraction properties of the 2D EIG effectively. The scheme of asymmetric 2D EIG may have some potential application in all-optical information processing and the design of quantum devices.
We investigate the realization and manipulation of a two-dimension (2D), asymmetric, electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) in a sample of Rydberg atoms exhibiting the van der Waals (vdW) interactions. The scheme relies on the application of a strong control field and a weak probe field, with the former periodically modulated in a 2D plane and the latter incident perpendicular to the 2D plane. We find that the probe field can be diffracted into an asymmetric intensity distribution depending on the relevant modulation parameters of the control field, as well as the density and length of the atomic sample. In particular, higher-order diffraction intensities can be enhanced in different ways as the vdW interaction, modulation strength, or sample length is increased. It is also of interest that the asymmetric diffraction distribution can be shifted to different quadrants by choosing appropriate modulation phases of the control field. These results may be used to develop new photonic devices with asymmetric diffraction properties required in future all-optical networks.
We present a scheme to realize electromagnetically induced grating in an ensemble of strongly interacting Rydberg atoms, which act as superatoms due to the dipole blockade mechanism. The ensemble of three-level cold Rydberg-dressed (87Rb)(^{87}\mathrm{Rb})(87Rb) atoms follows a cascade configuration where a strong standing-wave control field and a weak probe pulse are employed. The diffraction intensity is influenced by the strength of the probe intensity, the control field strength, and the van der Waals (vdW) interaction. It is noticed that relatively large first-order diffraction can be obtained for low-input intensity with a small vdW shift and a strong control field. The scheme can be considered as an amicable solution to realize the atomic grating at the microscopic level, which can provide background- and dark-current-free diffraction.