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IEEE photonics journal

Navigation Ranging Scheme Based on Microwave-Optical Entanglement Prepared by Electro-Opto-Mechanical Converters

Junwen Luo, Dewei Wu, Qiang Miao, Chunyan Yang, Tianli Wei

Published Dec 13, 2019• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Microwave is widely used in present navigation system. It works well, yet it faces precision limit and other challenges. Quantum entanglement has been applied in various fields and resulted in quite remarkable improvements, especially in precision performance. Hence, we attempt to apply quantum entanglement to enhance merits of navigation system performed in microwave regime. This paper introduces principles of microwave-optical entanglement prepared by electro-opto-mechanical converters in detail. Meanwhile, a navigation ranging scheme exploiting this type of entanglement is proposed. The performance of the scheme is analyzed, and factors influencing entanglement feature and ranging feature are discussed. It shows that the ranging scheme has achieved quite precise results with help of microwave-optical entanglement, and it may be regarded as a promising candidate of new navigation ranging scheme.

DOI
10.1109/jphot.2019.2958980

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Microwave is widely used in present navigation system. It works well, yet it faces precision limit and other challenges. Quantum entanglement has been applied in various fields and resulted in quite remarkable improvements, especially in precision performance. Hence, we attempt to apply quantum entanglement to enhance merits of navigation system performed in microwave regime. This paper introduces principles of microwave-optical entanglement prepared by electro-opto-mechanical converters in detail. Meanwhile, a navigation ranging scheme exploiting this type of entanglement is proposed. The performance of the scheme is analyzed, and factors influencing entanglement feature and ranging feature are discussed. It shows that the ranging scheme has achieved quite precise results with help of microwave-optical entanglement, and it may be regarded as a promising candidate of new navigation ranging scheme.
Microwave is widely used in present navigation system. It works well, yet it faces precision limit and other challenges. Quantum entanglement has been applied in various fields and resulted in quite remarkable improvement, especially in precision performance, as it can break quantum noise limit. Hence, we attempt to apply quantum entanglement to enhance merits of navigation system performed in microwave regime. This paper introduces principles of quantum microwave entanglement prepared by electro-opto-mechanical converters in detail, which is also adopted by quantum illumination. Meanwhile, a navigation scheme enhanced by quantum microwave entanglement is proposed. The working principles of the scheme, especially those of location, range finding and direction finding, are analyzed in detail. Besides, we compare navigation scheme of quantum microwave entanglement with present navigation scheme. It shows that navigation merits have been enhanced by quantum microwave entanglement, and it may be regarded as a candidate of new navigation method.
Microwaves exhibit superior performance in free-space transmission compared to optical waves, primarily due to their ability to penetrate fog and experience lower losses in the Earth's atmosphere. Based on microwave-optical entanglement prepared by nano-cavity electro-opto-mechanic converters, we propose a scheme of a quantum positioning system using the distance-based positioning method. Principles of microwave-optical entanglement preparation and our QPS scheme are introduced in detail. The entanglement feature, system stability and positioning feature of the scheme are analyzed after simulations. Furthermore, we delve into the impact of key parameters, such as transmissivity and photon conversion efficiency, on positioning. Notably, the entanglement degrees for both microwave-optic entanglement at the transmitter and optic-optic entanglement at the receiver surpass one, affirming the efficiency of the scheme in preparing and maintaining entanglement. When transmissivity in beam-splitter models of both ground stations equals 0.5, our scheme achieves a minimal positioning error of 6.4×10-7m2 under ideal conditions. Additionally, we map out traces of a plane through continuous positioning using our scheme. These results demonstrate the theoretical efficiency and robustness of our proposed approach.
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A quantum ranging scheme based on dual-path entangled microwaves and coherent detection is proposed to avoid the difficulties of low security, limited precision in traditional radio navigation ranging schemes, being sensitive to multipath effect and the poor performance of existing quantum ranging schemes in current navigation systems. Based on the characteristic that orthogonal quadrature of dual-path entangled microwaves has the largest cross-correlation when the two signals are synchronized, coherent detection is used to get the reference electromagnetic information and calculate the time delay. Based on the principle of pseudo code acquisition and tracking of satellite navigation receiver, a synchronization scheme of time delay is designed, which can acquire the accurate distance ranging. Simulated analysis is implemented in precision and anti- interference, which provide theoretical support for application of dual-path entangled microwaves and a new type of quantum navigation position technology.
A scheme of parametrically enhanced cavity electro-opto-mechanical converter is proposed in this paper, which utilizes Josephson parametric amplifier and optical parametric amplifier. Basic principles of typical cavity electro-opto-mechanical converter and parametrically enhanced version are introduced briefly. We have probed the squeezing and microwave-optical entanglement performance of the scheme with one or both of the amplifiers. The Wigner distribution of the optical output is obtained to analyze the squeezing effect. Meanwhile, quadrature variances and time domain waveforms of output signals are compared and discussed. The results show that microwave-optical entanglement has been enhanced via nonlinear parametric effects no matter when there is one or two amplifiers. However, single mode squeezing only occurs in the cavity which the amplifier is placed in, and this squeezing effect would not transmit to another cavity which hasn’t been amplified. When both amplifiers are introduced simultaneously, each output of cavity electro-opto-mechanical converter is squeezed independently. Our research provides another way to prepare squeezed microwave or optical signal and proves that microwave-optical entanglement can be well enhanced by introducing parametric amplifiers.
Focusing on the problem of vulnerable anti-deception and weak anti-jamming ability in classical pseudorandom code correlation ranging, we present a navigation ranging scheme with true random entangled microwave signals. One path of the entangled microwave signals uses for transmitting signal and another path of the signals preserves at locality. Firstly, the target that possesses the function of quantum repeater receives transmitting signal and forwards it to the locality. Then, correlation detection is implemented between the forwarded signal and the local delayed signal. Finally, the target distance can be calculated by delay measurement. We analyze the ranging precision and anti-deception ability. Results indicate that the scheme not only is superior to classical code correlation ranging precision, but also has very strong anti-multipath ability and anti-multipath interference ability, which will enhance the security of the navigation ranging system. Our investigation has significant application prospects.