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Optical and Quantum Sensing and Precision Metrology II

Heisenberg limited atomic sensing using Schrödinger cat states with extreme insensitivity to excess noise (Conference Presentation)

M. S. Shahriar

Published Mar 27, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1117/12.2552677

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In a conventional atomic interferometer employing NNN atoms, the phase sensitivity is at the standard quantum limit: 1/N1/\sqrt{N}1/N​. Using spin-squeezing, the sensitivity can be increased, either by lowering the quantum noise or via phase amplification, or a combination thereof. Here, we show how to increase the sensitivity, to the Heisenberg limit of 1/N1/N1/N, while increasing the quantum noise by N\sqrt{N}N​, thereby suppressing by the same factor the effect of excess noise. The protocol uses a Schrodinger Cat state representing a superposition of two collective states of NNN atoms, behaving as a single entity with an NNN-fold increase in Compton frequency. The resulting NNN-fold phase magnification is revealed by using atomic state detection instead of collective state detection. We also show how to realize an atomic clock based on such a Schrodinger Cat state, with an NNN-fold increase in the effective transition frequency. We discuss potential experimental constraints for implementing this scheme, using one axis twist squeezing employing the cavity feedback scheme, and show that the effects of cavity decay and spontaneous emission are highly suppressed. We find that the maximum improvement in sensitivity can be close to the ideal limit, for as many as ten million atoms.