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Acta Physica Sinica

Non-Markovianity of open two-level system by means of quantum coherence

He Zhi, Li Li, Chunmei Yao, Li Yan

Published Jan 1, 2015• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose an approach to measuring non-Markovianity of an open two-level system from quantum coherence perspective including l1 norm of coherence and quantum relative entropy of coherence, and derive corresponding non-Markovian conditions. Further, as a particular application, non-Markovian conditions of an open two-level system undergoing phase damping channel, random unitary channel and amplitude damping channel, respectively are investigated. Specifically speaking, for the three channels we obtain non-Markovian conditions based on l1 norm of coherence at any initial state of system, and find that non-Markovian conditions are the same as the conditions of other measurements, i.e., information back-flow, divisibility and quantum mutual entropy for the phase damping channel and amplitude damping channel, but non-Markovian conditions new and different from the conditions of other measurements for random unitary channel. On the other hand, for phase damping channel we obtain non-Markovian conditions based on quantum relative entropy of coherence at any initial state of system, which are the same as the conditions of other measures, i.e., information back-flow, divisibility and quantum mutual entropy. However, for the random unitary channel and amplitude damping channel we obtain non-Markovian conditions at maximally coherent state of system.

DOI
10.7498/aps.64.140302

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We propose an approach to measuring non-Markovianity of an open two-level system from quantum coherence perspective including l1 norm of coherence and quantum relative entropy of coherence, and derive corresponding non-Markovian conditions. Further, as a particular application, non-Markovian conditions of an open two-level system undergoing phase damping channel, random unitary channel and amplitude damping channel, respectively are investigated. Specifically speaking, for the three channels we obtain non-Markovian conditions based on l1 norm of coherence at any initial state of system, and find that non-Markovian conditions are the same as the conditions of other measurements, i.e., information back-flow, divisibility and quantum mutual entropy for the phase damping channel and amplitude damping channel, but non-Markovian conditions new and different from the conditions of other measurements for random unitary channel. On the other hand, for phase damping channel we obtain non-Markovian conditions based on quantum relative entropy of coherence at any initial state of system, which are the same as the conditions of other measures, i.e., information back-flow, divisibility and quantum mutual entropy. However, for the random unitary channel and amplitude damping channel we obtain non-Markovian conditions at maximally coherent state of system.
Abstract Based on the nonincreasing property of quantum coherence via skew information under incoherent completely positive and trace-preserving maps, we propose a non-Markovianity measure for open quantum processes. As applications, by applying the proposed measure to some typical noisy channels, we find that it is equivalent to the three previous measures of non-Markovianity for phase damping and amplitude damping channels, i.e. the measures based on the quantum trace distance, dynamical divisibility, and quantum mutual information. For the random unitary channel, it is equivalent to the non-Markovianity measure based on l 1 norm of coherence for a class of output states and it is incompletely equivalent to the measure based on dynamical divisibility. We also use the modified Tsallis relative entropy of coherence to detect the non-Markovianity of dynamics of quantum open systems, the results show that the modified Tsallis relative entropy of coherence are more comfortable than the original Tsallis relative entropy of coherence for small .
An alternative non-Markovianity measure for open quantum processes is proposed, which takes advantage of the nonincreasing property of relative entropy of coherence under the incoherent completely positive and trace-preserving maps in the extended Hilbert space constituted by the open system and its ancillary. By applying the proposed measure to some typical noisy channels, we find that for phase damping and amplitude damping channels it is equivalent to the three previous measures of non-Markovianity, i.e., the measures based on the quantum trace distance, dynamical divisibility, and quantum mutual information. For the random unitary channel, however, these measures do not coincide exactly, and the proposed measure in the witness of Markovianity is more general than the measures based on quantum trace distance and dynamical divisibility but overlaps partly with the measure based on quantum mutual information.
Exchange of information between a quantum system and its surrounding environment plays a fundamental role in the study of the dynamics of open quantum systems. Here we discuss the role of the information exchange in the non-Markovian behavior of dynamical quantum processes following the decoherence approach, where we consider a quantum system that is initially correlated with its measurement apparatus, which in turn interacts with the environment. We introduce a way of looking at the information exchange between the system and environment using the quantum loss, which is shown to be closely related to the measure of non-Markovianity based on the quantum mutual information. We also extend the results of Fanchini et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 210402 (2014)] in several directions, providing a more detailed investigation of the use of the accessible information for quantifying the backflow of information from the environment to the system. Moreover, we reveal a clear conceptual relation between the entanglement- and mutual-information-based measures of non-Markovianity in terms of the quantum loss and accessible information. We compare different ways of studying the information flow in two theoretical examples. We also present experimental results on the investigation of the quantum loss and accessible information for a two-level system undergoing a zero temperature amplitude damping process. We use an optical approach that allows full access to the state of the environment.
Abstract We propose an alternative non-Markovianity measure of open quantum systems, which is based on max-information. The max-information is a one-shot generalization of the mutual information derived from the max-relative entropy. This operational interpretation provides a new site for viewing the non-Markovian process. As applications, some typical noisy channels have been investigated: for phase damping and amplitude damping channels, non-Markovianity measure based on max-information is equivalent to the three previous non-Markovianity measures, i.e. the measures based on the distinguishability, entanglement of environment and the mutual information. For the random unitary channel, the proposed measurement in the witness of Markovianity is equivalent to the measures based on quantum trace distance and thus overlaps partly with the measurement based on the mutual information. It shows that max-information may be a better candidate for correlation-based measurement of non-Markovian than the mutual information.
Abstract A non-Markovianity measure based on Brukner–Zeilinger invariant information to characterize non-Markovian effect of open systems undergoing unital dynamical maps is proposed. The method takes advantage of non-increasing property of the Brukner–Zeilinger invariant information under completely positive and trace-preserving unital maps. The simplicity of computing the Brukner–Zeilinger invariant information is the advantage of the proposed measure because of mainly depending on the purity of quantum state. The measure effectively captures the characteristics of non-Markovianity of unital dynamical maps. As some concrete application, we consider two typical non-Markovian noise channels, i.e., the phase damping channel and the random unitary channel to show the sensitivity of the proposed measure. By investigation, we find that the conditions of detecting the non-Markovianity for the phase damping channel are consistent with the results of existing measures for non-Markovianity, i.e., information flow, divisibility and quantum mutual information. However, for the random unitary channel non-Markovian conditions are same to that of the information flow, but is different from that of the divisibility and quantum mutual information.
We present a theoretical scheme and its experimental proof of principle for an open quantum system undergoing Markovian and non-Markovian evolutions. We exhibit these two regimes by diagnosing them with the relative entropy of coherence of two polarization qubits playing the roles of system and ancilla. These are initially prepared in a polarization maximally entangled state of a photon pair produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion. We induce Markovian and non-Markovian regimes in the system's dynamics with the help of two auxiliary qubits, experimentally implemented by optical paths in a layout of Sagnac and Mach-Zehnder interferometers. We replicate system-environment interactions by means of an amplitude damping channel and a suitably designed inversion of it. In our scheme, one needs only two experimentally accessible parameters to achieve Markovian and non-Markovian regimes.