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Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control

Quantum computing in the optical frequency comb of one optical parametric oscillator (Conference Presentation)

Olivier Pfister

Published Mar 9, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The practical implementation of quantum computing faces the two key requirements of achieving scalability and maintaining quantum coherence. While the latter has been reached by ion-trap and superconducting qubit platforms to the level required for quantum error correction to take place, the former has been reached to record levels (thousands of qubit equivalents, called qumodes) using the quantum optics of entangled electromagnetic fields. In this talk, I will present the experimental realization of quantum computing substrates called cluster entangled states in the optical frequency comb of a single parametric oscillator, and prospects for translation in integrated optics.

DOI
10.1117/12.2550604

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The practical implementation of quantum computing faces the two key requirements of achieving scalability and maintaining quantum coherence. While the latter has been reached by ion-trap and superconducting qubit platforms to the level required for quantum error correction to take place, the former has been reached to record levels (thousands of qubit equivalents, called qumodes) using the quantum optics of entangled electromagnetic fields. In this talk, I will present the experimental realization of quantum computing substrates called cluster entangled states in the optical frequency comb of a single parametric oscillator, and prospects for translation in integrated optics.
When it comes to practical quantum computing, the two main challenges are circumventing decoherence (devastating quantum errors due to interactions with the environmental bath) and achieving scalability (as many qubits as needed for a real-life, game-changing computation). We show that using, in lieu of qubits, the "qumodes" represented by the resonant fields of the quantum optical frequency comb of an optical parametric oscillator allows one to create bona fide, large scale quantum computing processors, pre-entangled in a cluster state. We detail our recent demonstration of 60-qumode entanglement (out of an estimated 3000) and present an extension to combining this frequency-tagged with time-tagged entanglement, in order to generate an arbitrarily large, universal quantum computing processor.
In the race to demonstrate a scalable and fault tolerant quantum computing (QC) platform, quantum photonics stands poised to have a major impact. In particular, by encoding quantum information over fields rather than photons (continuous-variable—CV, rather than discrete-variable—DV, quantum information), record-size quantum processors were demonstrated in spectral and in temporal quantum field combs. These demonstrations used the measurement-based QC paradigm, which is based on cluster entangled states. In this talk, I will outline two of our recent results: proposals for generating hypercubic cluster states by phase modulation of the quantum optical frequency comb and for generating fault-tolerant hybrid CV-DV encodings called Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill states. The latter leverages CV cluster states along with our experimental ability to perform photon-number-resolving measurements up to 100 photons.
One-way quantum computing allows any quantum algorithm to be implemented easily using just measurements. The difficult part is creating the universal resource, a cluster state, on which the measurements are made. We propose a scalable method that uses a single, multimode optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The method is very efficient and generates a continuous-variable cluster state, universal for quantum computation, with quantum information encoded in the quadratures of the optical frequency comb of the OPO.
In the one-way model of quantum computing, quantum algorithms are implemented using only measurements on an entangled initial state. Much of the hard work is done upfront when creating this universal resource, known as a cluster state, on which the measurements are made. Here we detail a new proposal for a scalable method of creating cluster states using only a single multimode optical parametric oscillator (OPO). The method generates a continuous-variable cluster state that is universal for quantum computation and encoded in the quadratures of the optical frequency comb of the OPO. This work expands on the presentation in Menicucci, Flammia and Pfister (2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 , 130501).