We discuss the phase transitions of fermions in one dimension with a narrow Feshbach resonance described by the boson–fermion resonance model. By means of the bosonization technique, we derive a low-energy Hamiltonian of the system and show that a strongly correlated state exists, where the order parameters of the Bose condensation and superfluidity decay with the same critical exponent. We also show that density fluctuations near the Fermi wavevector are strongly suppressed as a consequence of a spin gap and a gap against the formation of phase slips. We find a Luther–Emery point where the phase slips and the spin excitations can be described in terms of pseudofermions, providing closed form expressions of the density–density correlations and the spectral functions. The relevance of our results for experiments with ultracold atomic gases subject to one-dimensional confinement is also discussed.
We introduce models of one-dimensional $n(\ensuremath{\ge}3)$-body problems that undergo phase transition from a continuous scale-invariant phase to a discrete scale-invariant phase. In this paper, we focus on identical spinless particles that interact only through two-body contacts. Without assuming any particular cluster-decomposition property, we first classify all possible scale-invariant two-body contact interactions that respect unitarity, permutation invariance, and translation invariance in one dimension. We then present a criterion for the breakdown of continuous scale invariance to discrete scale invariance. Under the assumption that the criterion is met, we solve the many-body Schr\"odinger equation exactly; we obtain the exact
n-body bound-state spectrum as well as the exact
n-body
S-matrix elements for arbitrary $n\ensuremath{\ge}3$, all of which enjoy discrete scale invariance or log periodicity. Thanks to the boson-fermion duality, these results can be applied equally well to both bosons and fermions. Finally, we demonstrate how the criterion is met in the case of
n=3; we determine the exact phase diagram for the scale-invariance breaking in the three-body problem of identical bosons and fermions. The zero-temperature transition from the unbroken phase to the broken phase is the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-like transition discussed in the literature.
Superfluid-insulator transitions in a one-dimensional mixture of two-color fermions and scalar bosons are studied within the framework of the Bose-Fermi-Hubbard model. Zero-temperature phase diagrams are constructed for repulsive intraspecies interactions and attractive or repulsive interspecies couplings. In addition to the trivial Mott insulator phases, we report the emergence of nontrivial insulator phases that depend on the sign of the boson-fermion interaction. These nontrivial insulator phases satisfy the conditions ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{B}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{F}=n$ and ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{B}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\frac{1}{2}{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{F}=n$, with the plus (minus) sign for repulsive (attractive) interactions and
n an integer. Far from fermionic half filling, the boson-fermion interaction drives a gapless-gapped transition in the spin sector. Our findings could be observed experimentally in state-of-the-art cold-atom setups.