Intricate but Intriguing Concept of Particle Spin

David F. Measday

Arnab Sinha

In this paper, we reexamine the fundamental nature of mass and energy, contending that these traditionally regarded physical quantities are instead observed phenomena, continually emerging, and vanishing in cyclic patterns intricately interwoven with the essence of time. We uncover that the cyclical behaviour of mass and energy leads to the quantization of energy and the wave-particle duality, defining phenomena in the quantum realm. Intriguingly, these cycles also unveil the concept of 'Dark Matter,' manifesting as mass absence during specific phases. Furthermore, we present an illuminating perspective on energy transformations, unifying gravity and electromagnetism. Our exploration not only challenges existing paradigms but also delves into the philosophical distinction between the ephemeral nature of mass and energy and the enduring act of observation, redefining our comprehension of the universe's intricate fabric.

P. Bruno

Arnab Sinha

In this paper, we reexamine the fundamental nature of mass and energy, contending that these traditionally regarded physical quantities are instead observed phenomena, continually emerging, and vanishing in cyclic patterns intricately interwoven with the essence of time. We uncover that the cyclical behaviour of mass and energy leads to the quantization of energy and the wave-particle duality, defining phenomena in the quantum realm. Intriguingly, these cycles also unveil the concept of 'Dark Matter,' manifesting as mass absence during specific phases. Furthermore, we present an illuminating perspective on energy transformations, unifying gravity and electromagnetism. Our exploration not only challenges existing paradigms but also delves into the philosophical distinction between the ephemeral nature of mass and energy and the enduring act of observation, redefining our comprehension of the universe's intricate fabric.

Matej Pavšič

Narendra D. Sharma

What is 'the nature of reality’? This thought has occupied the minds of scientists and philosophers since time immemorial. This issue is examined scientifically, that, how the views of scientists and western philosophers have undergone a dramatic change over a period of time. This may then answer whether spacetime is a reality of nature or if it is just a figment of our imagination in which to view this cosmos! The article begins with the thoughts of Democritus, and the other Greek philosophers, continuing with the ideas of Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler. With the thoughts of Bacon, Descartes and Isaac Newton, the rise of the ‘mechanical world view’ later the decline of this view is discussed when the phenomenon in optics, electricity and magnetism could not be explained. Then the concept of ‘field’ was evolved, culminating in ‘Maxwell’s equations of electromagnetic fields’.The beginning of twentieth century saw the evolution of the concepts of ‘relativity’, by Einstein, and the birth of ‘quantum theory’, starting with the idea of ‘quanta’, originated by Planck in 1900. The first three decades of the 20th century saw great breakthroughs in the world of theoretical physics - totally new ideas on ‘the nature of reality’ were being conceived. Large numbers of fundamental particles were discovered in the ensuing years. However, not much progress indeed was made in answering some of the most fundamental questions about the existence of human life and the nature of reality. Some interesting ideas on ‘biocentrism’ have now evolved. Biocentrism, along with the ideas of quantum theory and the concept of consciousness, may answer some of the intricate questions about the nature of reality; these will be discussed at length. These concepts will then be viewed from the perspective of Indic thoughts. The ‘Vedic’ and ‘Upanishadic’ knowledge from Indian scriptures may probably answer even more clearly some of the most intriguing questions about the existence of life and the ‘nature of reality’ itself.Beginning of twentieth century saw the evolution of the concepts of ‘Relativity’, by Einstein, and the birth of ‘Quantum Theory’, starting with the idea of ‘Quanta’, originated by Planck in 1900. The first three decades of 20th century saw the great breakthroughs in the world of theoretical physics. Absolutely new ideas on ‘The Nature of Reality’ were being conceived. Large number of fundamental particles was discovered in the ensuing years. But not much progress indeed took place in answering some of the most fundamental questions on existence of human life and the nature of reality. Some interesting ideas on ‘Biocentrism’ have now evolved. Biocentrism along with the ideas of Quantum Theory and the concept of Consciousness may answer some of the intricate questions on nature of reality; these will be discussed at length. These concepts will then be viewed from perspective of Indic thoughts. The ‘Vedic’ and ‘Upanishadic’ knowledge from Indian scriptures may probably answer even more clearly some of the most intriguing questions on the existence of life and the ‘Nature of Reality’ itself.