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Letters on Materials

The study of phase transition in systems with the competing interactions in a magnetic field by computer modeling

С. В. Белим

Published Jan 1, 2020• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

In this article, spin systems with competing interactions in an external magnetic field are investigated. The Ising model with ferromagnetic short-range forces and long-range antiferromagnetic forces is considered. Long-range forces decrease according to the power law. Long-range interaction is characterized by the rate of decrease with distance and relative intensity. The Metropolis algorithm is used for computer modeling. Two order parameters for ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ordering are used. The theory of finite size scaling is used. The transition temperature was defined based on Binder's cumulants for each of the order parameters. The phase diagram for the system is constructed at various values of the long-range interaction parameters. As the temperature decreases, the system can transfer from the paramagnetic phase into the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ones. The type of the low-temperature phase depends on the intensity of long-range forces and does not depend on the rate of decrease of the interaction with distance. There is a boundary value of the intensity of long-range forces, below which the ferromagnetic phase is implemented, and above it is the antiferromagnetic phase. The change in the phase diagram under the influence of an external magnetic field is investigated. In an external magnetic field, the ferromagnetic phase transition becomes spread. The temperature of the antiferromagnetic phase transition in an external field decreases according to the square law. The boundary value of the intensity of long-range forces linearly grows with increasing the intensity of the external magnetic field. An increase in the boundary value in a magnetic field leads to a change in the type of the low-temperature phase. This effect is shown as a phase transition from the antiferromagnetic to the ferromagnetic phase in the external magnetic field. A comparison with the data of real experiments is carried out.

DOI
10.22226/2410-3535-2020-1-5-9

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In this article, spin systems with competing interactions in an external magnetic field are investigated. The Ising model with ferromagnetic short-range forces and long-range antiferromagnetic forces is considered. Long-range forces decrease according to the power law. Long-range interaction is characterized by the rate of decrease with distance and relative intensity. The Metropolis algorithm is used for computer modeling. Two order parameters for ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ordering are used. The theory of finite size scaling is used. The transition temperature was defined based on Binder's cumulants for each of the order parameters. The phase diagram for the system is constructed at various values of the long-range interaction parameters. As the temperature decreases, the system can transfer from the paramagnetic phase into the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ones. The type of the low-temperature phase depends on the intensity of long-range forces and does not depend on the rate of decrease of the interaction with distance. There is a boundary value of the intensity of long-range forces, below which the ferromagnetic phase is implemented, and above it is the antiferromagnetic phase. The change in the phase diagram under the influence of an external magnetic field is investigated. In an external magnetic field, the ferromagnetic phase transition becomes spread. The temperature of the antiferromagnetic phase transition in an external field decreases according to the square law. The boundary value of the intensity of long-range forces linearly grows with increasing the intensity of the external magnetic field. An increase in the boundary value in a magnetic field leads to a change in the type of the low-temperature phase. This effect is shown as a phase transition from the antiferromagnetic to the ferromagnetic phase in the external magnetic field. A comparison with the data of real experiments is carried out.
Critical behavior of Ising ferromagnetic systems with the competition between short- and long-range interactions near the point of a second-order phase transition has been investigated. The effects of long-range interaction lead to the need to calculate the influence of next-nearest spins, which lie inside the sphere of a specific radius. The study was carried out for a power law of decreaseing the exchange integral with distance for a three-dimensional Ising model with a cubic lattice. A comparison with the results of a field-theoretical approach and data of real experiments has been carried out. It has been shown that the critical temperature grows linearly with an increase in the parameters of long-range interaction. Critical exponents have been calculated at different parameters of long-range interaction. It is shown that at small dimensions of a system it is the short-range interaction that exerts the dominant effect on the critical behavior of the system. With an increase in the linear dimension of the system, long-range forces begin to dominate.
The effects of locally random magnetic fields are considered in a nonequilibrium Ising model defined on a square lattice with nearest-neighbor interactions. In order to generate the random magnetic fields, we have considered random variables { h } that change randomly with time according to a double-Gaussian probability distribution, which consists of two single-Gaussian distributions, centered at + h o and − h o , with the same width σ. This distribution is very general and can recover in appropriate limits the bimodal distribution ( ) and the single-Gaussian one ( h o = 0). We performed Monte Carlo simulations in lattices with linear sizes in the range L = 32–512. The system exhibits ferromagnetic and paramagnetic steady states. Our results suggest the occurrence of first-order phase transitions between the above-mentioned phases at low temperatures and large random-field intensities h o for some small values of the width σ. By means of finite size scaling, we estimate the critical exponents in the low-field region, where we have continuous phase transitions. In addition, we show a sketch of the phase diagram of the model for some values of σ.
The article deals with two-dimensional and three-dimensional Ising models with the long-range spin interactions. The intensity of interaction between the spins relies decreasing with distance r as a power law r-d-σ with dimensional d and parameter σ. The research are conducted by Monte-Carlo method with Metropolis algorithm using parallel computing techniques. On the basis of nu- merical simulation the dependence of the phase transition temperature on the parameter σ is found. It is shown that at phase transition temperature decreases with increasing σ.
Abstract The two-dimensional anisotropic Ising model with competing interactions in the region of a transition from the ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase has been studied by the Monte Carlo method using the Wang–Landau algorithm. State density distributions have been obtained and the order parameters corresponding to different energies have been calculated. The temperature dependences of the thermodynamic parameters including the internal energy, magnetization, free energy, entropy, specific heat at constant magnetization, and Binder cumulants have been calculated. Using the Binder cumulant method and histogram analysis, it has been shown that a single second-order phase transition from the ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase occurs at two exchange coupling constants ratios |J1/J| = 0.1 and 0.2 in the two-dimensional anisotropic next-nearest neighbor Ising model. The phase transition temperatures have been calculated. The main critical exponents have been determined using the finite-size scaling theory.
The article deals with two-dimensional and three-dimensional Ising models with the long-range spin interactions. The intensity of interaction between the spins relies decreasing with distance r as a power law r-d-σ with dimensional d and parameter σ. The research are conducted by Monte-Carlo method with Metropolis algorithm using parallel computing techniques. On the basis of nu- merical simulation the dependence of the phase transition temperature on the parameter σ is found. It is shown that at phase transition temperature decreases with increasing σ.