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Ukrainian Journal of Physics

Quantum Mechanics Interpretation on Planck Scale

Ignazio Francesco Licata

Published Feb 3, 2020• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In the last years, many different primeval quantization theories on the Planck scale have been developed. Their goal is to provide a vacuum model able to ground the research beyond the Standard Model. Despite their goal is quite ambitious and aims toward particle physics, a necessary and notable consequence is we can read Quantum Mechanics from an emergent viewpoint. Different hypotheses on elementary cells are possible. We will focus here on the conceptual features of G. ’t Hooft and F.Winterberg theories with a special attention for the emerging of non-local correlations. These theories define a new style in the interpretation of Quantum Mechanics.

DOI
10.15407/ujpe65.1.17

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In the last years, many different primeval quantization theories on the Planck scale have been developed. Their goal is to provide a vacuum model able to ground the research beyond the Standard Model. Despite their goal is quite ambitious and aims toward particle physics, a necessary and notable consequence is we can read Quantum Mechanics from an emergent viewpoint. Different hypotheses on elementary cells are possible. We will focus here on the conceptual features of G. ’t Hooft and F.Winterberg theories with a special attention for the emerging of non-local correlations. These theories define a new style in the interpretation of Quantum Mechanics.
A small group of simple, lateral assumptions about the structure and nature of space, some of them at the Planck scale, produces a new conceptual basis. The background theory allows a rederivation of several areas of theory it interprets, leading in other areas to alternative mathematics that closely mimics existing physics, but diverging enough for testable predictions. This paper focusses on the phenomenology of quantum mechanics (QM), with a nonlocal interpretation, in which the wave function is primarily ontic, but also has an epistemic aspect. It differs widely from all other interpretations for QM, but has general similarities to some objective collapse theories, and in particular to relational QM (RQM). State reduction is set off by interactions, not measurements, but unlike in RQM, the “exchange of information” between two systems is not only made possible by the interaction, it is a direct result of it. The interpretation includes an explanation for quantization, the probabilistic aspect of QM, entanglement, and state reduction as in decoherence.
Abstract In the previous chapters we have shown many successful applications of quantum mechanics, and it would be a major problem not having this excellent theory available. Despite these successes, however, the basic conceptual framework has been considered by many scientists to be unsatisfactory. In this chapter we will outline the standard Copenhagen –G öttingen interpretation and some of the alternative approaches. Quantum mechanics has to be seen as a major part of more basic quantum field theories. Inevitably, many of the questions that arise are matters of opinion rather than of fact, and therefore many physicists consider that they belong more properly to philosophy than to physics. However, the conceptual basis of quantum mechanics is so fundamental to our understanding of nature that it should surely be important to physicists as well. The conception of determinism differs substantially from classical physics because quantum theory predicts only the relative probabilities of different outcomes. The feature of non-locality is another new concept which makes space-like separated events instantaneously entangled.
A deterministic reformulation of quantum mechanics is thought to be able to bypass the usual philosophical interpretations of probability and stochasticity of the standard quantum mechanical scenarios. Recently ’t Hooft proposed a different perspective based on the ontological formulation of quantum mechanics, obtained by writing the Hamiltonian of a quantum system in a way to render it mathematically equivalent to a deterministic system. The ontological deterministic models consist of elementary cells, also called cellular automata, inside which the quantities describing the dynamics oscillate in periodic orbits, extending and replacing the quantum mechanical classical language based on harmonic oscillators. We show that the structure of the cellular automaton sets finds a clear physical interpretation with the Majorana infinite-component equation: the cellular automata are elementary building blocks generated by the Poincaré group of spacetime transformations with positive-definite energy down to the Planck scales, with a close relation to the Riemann Hypothesis.
We propose a new interpretation of quantum mechanics to address challenges of the Copenhagen Interpretation and to explain observations from certain double-slit experiments. We explore some characteristics of quantum mechanics and analyze a quantum mechanical model which leads us to the assumptions for our new interpretation. We show how quantized waves, like those in Schrodinger’s wave equation, might exist in nature and explain the fundamentals of quantum-scale processes including: the above-mentioned double-slit experiments, wave function collapse, quantum entanglement and quantum tunneling. We classify our interpretation based on commonly used criteria. Finally, we consider some future theoretical points and list some experimental questions. Our new interpretation has the potential to facilitate new theory and experiments leading to a better understanding of fundamental processes in nature and possibly new applications for quantum theory. Page 18 is updated and there is a new suggestion about entanglement on page 20.
Abstract Careful considerations concerning the interpretation of quantum mechanics serves not only for a better philosophical understanding of the physical world, but can also be instrumental for model building. After a resume of the author’s general views and their mathematical support, it is shown what new insights can be gained, in principle, concerning features such as the Standard Model of the elementary particles and the search for new approaches to bring he gravitational force in line with quantum mechanics. Questions to be asked include the cure for the formal non-convergence of renormalised perturbation expansions, the necessary discreteness of physical variables at the Planck scale, and the need to reconcile these with diffeomorphism invariance in General Relativity. Finally, a program is proposed to attempt to derive the propagation laws for cellular automaton models of the universe.