Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Chinese Physics B

Dissipative quantum phase transition in a biased Tavis–Cummings model*

Zhe Chen, Yueyin Qiu, Guo-Qiang Zhang, J. Q. You

Published Mar 1, 2020• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the dissipative quantum phase transition (QPT) in a biased Tavis–Cummings model consisting of an ensemble of two-level systems (TLSs) interacting with a cavity mode, where the TLSs are pumped by a drive field. In our proposal, we use a dissipative TLS ensemble and an active cavity with effective gain. In the weak drive-field limit, the QPT can occur under the combined actions of the loss and gain of the system. Owing to the active cavity, the QPT behavior can be much differentiated even for a finite strength of the drive field on the TLS ensemble. Also, we propose to implement our scheme based on the dissipative nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers coupled to an active optical cavity made from the gain-medium-doped silica. Furthermore, we show that the QPT can be measured by probing the transmission spectrum of the cavity embedding the ensemble of the NV centers.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/ab7b55

Related papers

Experimentally accessible quantum phase transition in a non-Hermitian Tavis-Cummings model engineered with two drive fields

Guo-Qiang Zhang, Zhen Chen, J. Q. You

We study the quantum phase transition (QPT) in a non-Hermitian Tavis-Cummings (TC) model of experimentally accessible parameters, which is engineered with two drive fields applied to an ensemble of two-level systems (TLSs) and a cavity, respectively. When the two drive fields satisfy a given parameter-matching condition, the coupled cavity-TLS ensemble system can be described by an effective standard TC Hamiltonian in the rotating frame. In this ideal Hermitian case, the engineered TC model can exhibit the super-radiant QPT with spin conservation at an experimentally accessible critical coupling strength, but the QPT is, however, spoiled by the decoherence. We find that in this non-Hermitian case, the QPT can be recovered by introducing a gain in the cavity to balance the loss of the TLS ensemble. Also, the spin-conservation law is found to be violated due to the decoherence of the system. Our study offers an experimentally realizable approach to implementing QPT in the non-Hermitian TC model.

arXiv:2004.14211•Physical Review A•Sep 2, 2020•13 citations

Quantum phase transition in a driven Tavis–Cummings model

J H Zou, T Liu, Mang Feng +3 more

Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) describe when a many-body quantum system displays non-analytic behavior associated with a discontinuous change in a property of the ground state as a parameter is varied. The QPT in prototypical Dicke model is difficult to reach experimentally as the spin–field coupling strength must be quite large. In this work we describe a new model—the off-resonant Tavis–Cummings model where we drive the common mode, and discover a new type of QPT at quite low coupling strengths which are comparable with the geometric mean of the atomic and field detunings . Through analytic methods we demonstrate this QPT for both finite and infinite numbers of spins and show that |〈 J x ( J z )〉|/( N /2) ∼ | λ / λ c − 1| γ x ( γ z ) and 〈 a † a 〉/ N ∼ | λ / λ c − 1| γ a for λ ⩾ λ c , with critical exponents γ x ≈ 1/2, γ z ≈ 1 and γ a ≈ 1. We show that this QPT can be immediately observed by laboratory cavity-QED setups such as Bose–Einstein condensate in optical cavity and superconducting circuit-QED as well as a line of trapped ultracold ions.

New Journal of Physics•Dec 19, 2013•28 citations

Dissipative phase transition in an open Tavis–Cummings model with a two-photon drive

Kingshuk Adhikary, Özgür Esat Müstecaplıoğlu, Bimalendu Deb

Abstract We investigate the steady-state quantum phases and associated collective phenomena of an open Tavis–Cummings (TC) model driven by a two-photon source. The standard (non-dissipative) TC model describes the quantum phases of an ensemble of N q two-level quantum emitters interacting with a single-mode electromagnetic field. The interplay among coherent driving, dissipation, and dipole interactions of the open TC model results in emergent collective phenomena, leading to a dissipative or non-equilibrium phase transition from the normal to the superradiant phase. We solve the Liouvillian equation analytically using the semi-classical mean-field approximation. We carry out stability analysis of the steady-state phases and determine the phase boundary. The use of Holstein–Primakoff transformation in the thermodynamic limit N q → ∞ reduces the system to an effective coupled-oscillator model, the solution of which yields collective modes.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Jun 7, 2023•6 citations

Optical signatures of Mott-superfluid transition in nitrogen-vacancy centers coupled to photonic crystal cavities:

Wanli Yang, Jia-Bin You, gang chen +4 more

We study the phenomenon of controllable localization-delocalization transition in a quantum many-body system composed of nitrogen-vacancy centers coupled to photonic crystal cavities, through tuning the different detunings and the relative amplitudes of two optical fields that drive two nondegenerate transitions of the Λ-type configuration.We not only characterize how dissipation affects the phase boundary using the mean-field quantum master equation, but also provide the possibility of observing this photonic quantum phase transition (QPT) by employing several experimentally observable quantities, such as mean intracavity photon number, density correlation function and emitted spectrum, exhibiting distinct optical signatures in different quantum phases.Such a spin-cavity system opens new perspectives in quantum simulation of condensed-matter and many-body physics in a well-controllable way.

Optics Letters•Dec 23, 2019•0 citations

Dissipative quantum phase transitions of light in a generalized Jaynes-Cummings-Rabi model

R. Gutiérrez-Jáuregui, H. J. Carmichael

The dissipative quantum phase transitions experienced by a driven optical system are studied in order to understand the underlying light-matter coupling. The primary system under study is composed of a cavity mode coupled to a two-level system with dissipation being introduced through the interaction with a surrounding environment; an external coherent field is included to drive the system out of the ground state. The coupling is given by a generalized Rabi Hamiltonian, where rotating, gr, and counter-rotating, ngr, couplings are both present and can be adjusted independently. A comprehensive study of the different phases the system can exhibit as gr and n are varied is presented. From this, we construct a bridge between two limiting scenarios: (i) the Jaynes-Cummings limit (n = 0), where the system undergoes a phase transition by means of the breakdown of the photon blockade, and (ii) the driven Dicke limit ( = 1 ), where the normal to super-radiant phase transition is found. Novel behaviour encountered in an intermediate regime (1 > n > 0) is discussed. Attention is drawn towards the strong coupling regime, where changes at the one-photon level induce nonlinear effects and behaviour reminiscent of phase transitions is encountered with just a few photons present. A comparison between weak and strong coupling regimes, and, thus, an exploration of the effect of fluctuations over quantum phase transitions of light, is given through a survey of the phases an auxiliary optical system exhibits. This system is composed of two coupled nonlinear cavities that are driven coherently and damped through the interaction with the environment; it is seen to exhibit three phases. Two phases present high-correlation between the cavities and are differentiated by the photon statistics, transitioning from classical to quantum. The third phase is characterized by a highly localized field in one of the cavities. The departure from mean-field results is highlighted and a new way to characterize the possible phases of the system is proposed. Finally, the crucial role of quantum fluctuations is quantified and used to define the phases at hand.

arXiv:1806.05761•Physical Review A•Aug 3, 2018•41 citations

Parametrically driven superradiance of an interacting Tavis–Cummings model

Wen-Jie Geng, Yi‐Wen Han, Wei Yi

Abstract We consider the superradiant transition of a generalized Tavis–Cummings model, where a number of two-level qubits are coupled to a dissipative cavity. The cavity is coherently driven through a parametric medium, and all-to-all interactions between the qubits are introduced. While the nonlinear gain from the parametric drive breaks the U (1) symmetry of the standard Tavis–Cummings model, thus giving rise to superradiance with squeezed cavity fields, we show that the interactions impact the collective excitations and significantly modify the superradiant transition. Insights into the superradiant phase transitions, as well as the interaction effects, are obtained through effective models involving only a handful of low-lying collective states, under which the steady-state phase diagram of the hybrid system is faithfully reproduced. Our study is relevant to Rydberg-atom arrays coupled to a parametrically driven cavity, where the long-range interactions derive from the dipole–dipole interatomic interactions.

arXiv:2509.00695•Chinese Physics B•Nov 6, 2025•1 citation
We study the dissipative quantum phase transition (QPT) in a biased Tavis–Cummings model consisting of an ensemble of two-level systems (TLSs) interacting with a cavity mode, where the TLSs are pumped by a drive field. In our proposal, we use a dissipative TLS ensemble and an active cavity with effective gain. In the weak drive-field limit, the QPT can occur under the combined actions of the loss and gain of the system. Owing to the active cavity, the QPT behavior can be much differentiated even for a finite strength of the drive field on the TLS ensemble. Also, we propose to implement our scheme based on the dissipative nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers coupled to an active optical cavity made from the gain-medium-doped silica. Furthermore, we show that the QPT can be measured by probing the transmission spectrum of the cavity embedding the ensemble of the NV centers.
We study the quantum phase transition (QPT) in a non-Hermitian Tavis-Cummings (TC) model of experimentally accessible parameters, which is engineered with two drive fields applied to an ensemble of two-level systems (TLSs) and a cavity, respectively. When the two drive fields satisfy a given parameter-matching condition, the coupled cavity-TLS ensemble system can be described by an effective standard TC Hamiltonian in the rotating frame. In this ideal Hermitian case, the engineered TC model can exhibit the super-radiant QPT with spin conservation at an experimentally accessible critical coupling strength, but the QPT is, however, spoiled by the decoherence. We find that in this non-Hermitian case, the QPT can be recovered by introducing a gain in the cavity to balance the loss of the TLS ensemble. Also, the spin-conservation law is found to be violated due to the decoherence of the system. Our study offers an experimentally realizable approach to implementing QPT in the non-Hermitian TC model.
Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) describe when a many-body quantum system displays non-analytic behavior associated with a discontinuous change in a property of the ground state as a parameter is varied. The QPT in prototypical Dicke model is difficult to reach experimentally as the spin–field coupling strength must be quite large. In this work we describe a new model—the off-resonant Tavis–Cummings model where we drive the common mode, and discover a new type of QPT at quite low coupling strengths which are comparable with the geometric mean of the atomic and field detunings . Through analytic methods we demonstrate this QPT for both finite and infinite numbers of spins and show that |〈 J x ( J z )〉|/( N /2) ∼ | λ / λ c − 1| γ x ( γ z ) and 〈 a † a 〉/ N ∼ | λ / λ c − 1| γ a for λ ⩾ λ c , with critical exponents γ x ≈ 1/2, γ z ≈ 1 and γ a ≈ 1. We show that this QPT can be immediately observed by laboratory cavity-QED setups such as Bose–Einstein condensate in optical cavity and superconducting circuit-QED as well as a line of trapped ultracold ions.
Abstract We investigate the steady-state quantum phases and associated collective phenomena of an open Tavis–Cummings (TC) model driven by a two-photon source. The standard (non-dissipative) TC model describes the quantum phases of an ensemble of N q two-level quantum emitters interacting with a single-mode electromagnetic field. The interplay among coherent driving, dissipation, and dipole interactions of the open TC model results in emergent collective phenomena, leading to a dissipative or non-equilibrium phase transition from the normal to the superradiant phase. We solve the Liouvillian equation analytically using the semi-classical mean-field approximation. We carry out stability analysis of the steady-state phases and determine the phase boundary. The use of Holstein–Primakoff transformation in the thermodynamic limit N q → ∞ reduces the system to an effective coupled-oscillator model, the solution of which yields collective modes.
We study the phenomenon of controllable localization-delocalization transition in a quantum many-body system composed of nitrogen-vacancy centers coupled to photonic crystal cavities, through tuning the different detunings and the relative amplitudes of two optical fields that drive two nondegenerate transitions of the Λ-type configuration.We not only characterize how dissipation affects the phase boundary using the mean-field quantum master equation, but also provide the possibility of observing this photonic quantum phase transition (QPT) by employing several experimentally observable quantities, such as mean intracavity photon number, density correlation function and emitted spectrum, exhibiting distinct optical signatures in different quantum phases.Such a spin-cavity system opens new perspectives in quantum simulation of condensed-matter and many-body physics in a well-controllable way.
The dissipative quantum phase transitions experienced by a driven optical system are studied in order to understand the underlying light-matter coupling. The primary system under study is composed of a cavity mode coupled to a two-level system with dissipation being introduced through the interaction with a surrounding environment; an external coherent field is included to drive the system out of the ground state. The coupling is given by a generalized Rabi Hamiltonian, where rotating, gr, and counter-rotating, ngr, couplings are both present and can be adjusted independently. A comprehensive study of the different phases the system can exhibit as gr and n are varied is presented. From this, we construct a bridge between two limiting scenarios: (i) the Jaynes-Cummings limit (n = 0), where the system undergoes a phase transition by means of the breakdown of the photon blockade, and (ii) the driven Dicke limit ( = 1 ), where the normal to super-radiant phase transition is found. Novel behaviour encountered in an intermediate regime (1 > n > 0) is discussed. Attention is drawn towards the strong coupling regime, where changes at the one-photon level induce nonlinear effects and behaviour reminiscent of phase transitions is encountered with just a few photons present. A comparison between weak and strong coupling regimes, and, thus, an exploration of the effect of fluctuations over quantum phase transitions of light, is given through a survey of the phases an auxiliary optical system exhibits. This system is composed of two coupled nonlinear cavities that are driven coherently and damped through the interaction with the environment; it is seen to exhibit three phases. Two phases present high-correlation between the cavities and are differentiated by the photon statistics, transitioning from classical to quantum. The third phase is characterized by a highly localized field in one of the cavities. The departure from mean-field results is highlighted and a new way to characterize the possible phases of the system is proposed. Finally, the crucial role of quantum fluctuations is quantified and used to define the phases at hand.
Abstract We consider the superradiant transition of a generalized Tavis–Cummings model, where a number of two-level qubits are coupled to a dissipative cavity. The cavity is coherently driven through a parametric medium, and all-to-all interactions between the qubits are introduced. While the nonlinear gain from the parametric drive breaks the U (1) symmetry of the standard Tavis–Cummings model, thus giving rise to superradiance with squeezed cavity fields, we show that the interactions impact the collective excitations and significantly modify the superradiant transition. Insights into the superradiant phase transitions, as well as the interaction effects, are obtained through effective models involving only a handful of low-lying collective states, under which the steady-state phase diagram of the hybrid system is faithfully reproduced. Our study is relevant to Rydberg-atom arrays coupled to a parametrically driven cavity, where the long-range interactions derive from the dipole–dipole interatomic interactions.