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International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development

A Comparative Study of Classical and Quantum Cryptography

Shravan Kumar Sehgal, Rashmi Gupta

Published Mar 1, 2019• 3 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

As security of data is of utmost importance nowadays, the field of cryptography gets extensive attention. The classical cryptography which uses laws of mathematics is losing its value as the data is not much secure as it can be easily accessed by eavesdropper; also the size of data is limited. According to Moore’s law, the transistor counts will double every two years; this statement won’t be substantial one day. Since the computer field is moving in the era of quantum, the need of the hour is to design a cryptography method which involves security at the quantum level. Quantum cryptography is fast, effective and very important technology for protecting the security in future communication. It uses laws of quantum physics, i.e., it uses properties of light and quantum mechanics for cryptographic operations. This paper provides a study on quantum cryptography and how it is better than the existing classical cryptography.

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As security of data is of utmost importance nowadays, the field of cryptography gets extensive attention. The classical cryptography which uses laws of mathematics is losing its value as the data is not much secure as it can be easily accessed by eavesdropper; also the size of data is limited. According to Moore’s law, the transistor counts will double every two years; this statement won’t be substantial one day. Since the computer field is moving in the era of quantum, the need of the hour is to design a cryptography method which involves security at the quantum level. Quantum cryptography is fast, effective and very important technology for protecting the security in future communication. It uses laws of quantum physics, i.e., it uses properties of light and quantum mechanics for cryptographic operations. This paper provides a study on quantum cryptography and how it is better than the existing classical cryptography.
In the era of information technology the need for secure communication has become increasingly important. Cryptography is a technology for creating the core of information security we use cryptography for making data secure which is the science of information protection from unauthorized interception and tempering. Most modern cryptographic studies design cryptosystems and algorithms using mathematical concepts which are based either on factorization or on discrete logarithm problem. In recent years quantum information research has lead to the discovery of a number of remarkable new paradigms for information processing and communication. These developments include quantum cryptography schemes that offer unconditionally secure information transport guaranteed by quantum-mechanical laws, which provide protection of system security, and optimization of system efficiency and detects intrusion and wiretap. Today quantum cryptography is used in various application for transferring secure data without the fear of keys being compromised. This paper reviews the various areas where quantum  cryptography is successfully implemented, its advantages disadvantages & technical issues.
In internet and network applications the most challenging aspects is the security. The importance and the value of exchanged data over internet is increasing due to growth in internet and network applications. Cryptography converts the information from normal form to unreadable form, in the computer security. The one encryption algorithm is identified and differentiated from another by two main characteristics that are speed and the efficiency and have the ability to secure the protected data against attacks. Fundamental laws of the quantum physics are applied by Quantum Cryptography to guarantee the secure communication between the legitimate users, namely Alice and Bob. Quantum mechanics is used by Quantum Key Distribution to guarantee the secure communication. This paper provides the comparative analysis on Classical and Quantum Cryptography using various cryptographic algorithms to identify the best algorithm in classical or quantum cryptography.
Quantum cryptography is a new method of communication offering the security of the inviolability by using Law of Nature.Quantum Cryptography uses different secure communication by applying the phenomena of quantum physics. Unlike traditional classical cryptography, which uses mathematical techniques to restrict eavesdroppers, quantum cryptography is focused on the properties of physics of light for information. Quantum cryptography depends only on the validity of quantum theory, i.e., it is guarantied directly by the laws of physics. This is a different from any classical cryptographic techniques. This paper summarizes the current state of quantum cryptography and provides potential extensions of its feasibility as a mechanism for securing existing communication systems.
Security knowledge is one of the foremost challenges in the present day. When the topic is about Information security, the concept of cryptography comes into the picture. Every day, people and organizations use cryptography to maintain the confidentiality of their communications and data as well as to preserve their privacy. Today, one of the most successful methods used by businesses to protect their storage systems, whether at rest or in transit, is cryptography. Yet, cryptography is an effective technique to secure the data, the modern technology can break the cryptographic techniques. But some data encryption algorithms are several times stronger than today's conventional cryptography and can be constructed using quantum computing. They are "Quantum Cryptographic Algorithms ". Quantum cryptography uses the rules of quantum physics instead of classical encryption, which is based on mathematics, to protect and transmit data in a way that cannot be intercepted. Quantum key distribution is the greatest illustration of quantum cryptography and offers a safe solution to the key exchange issue. The proposed work deals with quantum cryptography and mainly focuses on how the quantum cryptographic algorithm is more secure than traditional cryptography.
Internet has become a global means of communication, turned our reality upside down. It has transformed communications, to the level that it is now our chosen standard of communication. Although there are many ways to protect information from undesired access, Quantum cryptography can be used to unconditionally secure data communications by applying the laws of quantum physics which overcomes the drawbacks of traditional classical cryptography, which depends on mathematical methods to limit attacks such as eavesdroppers. Quantum cryptography is considered to be a future replica of classical cryptography. In this survey paper, we will discuss about various protocols of cryptography. Also discussing about their vulnerabilities.
Nowadays, the information is exchanged among the computer network. These data and information are involved in business, military, academic education, research and etc. which are shared around the world in both private and public network. Since, many categories of data are required restriction on authorization of access, modify, delete and insert, security in communication is increasingly important to the network communication. Currently, computer security applies mathematic theory to computer security for encrypting and decrypting on both sender and receiver. To use security attack with high performance computer (e.g. quantum computer), attacker can find a key and then obtains the data in feasible period. Quantum cryptography is one of the solutions that use property of polarization to ensure that transmitted data is not trapped by eavesdropper. Quantum cryptography is improved significantly in the last decades including the most two dominant protocol BB84 and BB92.