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Quantum Electronics

QR-code optical encryption in the scheme with spatially incoherent illumination based on two micromirror light modulators

Nikolay N. Evtikhiev, Vitaly V Krasnov, Ilya D. Kuzmin, Dmitriy Yu. Molodtsov, Vladislav G. Rodin, Rostislav S. Starikov, Черёмхин Павел Аркадьевич

Published Feb 1, 2020• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract An optical encryption scheme with spatially incoherent illumination based on two micromirror light modulators has been experimentally implemented for the first time. Currently, such modulators are the fastest tools for spatio-temporal light modulation; their high frame rates provide possibilities for developing optical encryption systems with a bandwidth of several gigabites per second.

DOI
10.1070/qel17139

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Abstract An optical encryption scheme with spatially incoherent illumination based on two micromirror light modulators has been experimentally implemented for the first time. Currently, such modulators are the fastest tools for spatio-temporal light modulation; their high frame rates provide possibilities for developing optical encryption systems with a bandwidth of several gigabites per second.
State of the art micromirror DMD spatial light modulators (SLM) offer unprecedented frame rate of up to 32000 frames per second. This, in conjunction with fast digital camera, makes it possible to create high speed optical encryption systems. Experimental setup for optical encryption under spatially incoherent illumination based on two DMD SLMs had been created. Input information is displayed by first SLM, encoding hologram - by second SLM. Results of optical experiment demonstrate successful encryption and decryption of digital information in the form of QR code image.
Abstract Optical encryption is an actively developing field of science. The majority of encryption techniques use coherent illumination and suffer from speckle noise, which severely limits their applicability. The spatially incoherent encryption technique does not have this drawback, but its effectiveness is dependent on the Fourier spectrum properties of the image to be encrypted. The application of a quick response (QR) code in the capacity of a data container solves this problem, and the embedded error correction code also enables errorless decryption. The optical encryption of digital information in the form of QR codes using spatially incoherent illumination was implemented experimentally. The encryption is based on the optical convolution of the image to be encrypted with the kinoform point spread function, which serves as an encryption key. Two liquid crystal spatial light modulators were used in the experimental setup for the QR code and the kinoform imaging, respectively. The quality of the encryption and decryption was analyzed in relation to the QR code size. Decryption was conducted digitally. The successful decryption of encrypted QR codes of up to 129 × 129 pixels was demonstrated. A comparison with the coherent QR code encryption technique showed that the proposed technique has a signal-to-noise ratio that is at least two times higher.
The majority of contemporary optical encryption techniques use coherent illumination and suffer from speckle-noise pollution, which severely limits their applicability even when information encoded into special "containers" such as a QR code. Spatially incoherent encryption does not have this drawback, but it suffers from reduced encryption strength due to formation of an unobscured image right on top of the encrypted one by undiffracted light from the encoding diffraction optical element (DOE) in axial configuration. We present a new lensless encryption scheme, experimentally implemented with two liquid crystal spatial light modulators, that does not have this disadvantage because of a special encoding DOE design, which forms desired light distribution in the photosensor plane under spherically diverging illumination without a converging lens. Results of optical experiments on encryption of QR codes and successful information retrieval from decoded images are presented. Conducted analysis of encryption strength demonstrates sufficiently high key sensitivity and large enough key space to resist any brute force attacks.
In today’s ever-evolving information security landscape, the demand for robust encryption techniques is on the rise. Superior to traditional encryption schemes, one-time pad encryption provides unparalleled security due to its reliance on a unique, nonreusable key for each message. Here, a novel one-time pad incoherent encryption paradigm based on optical metasurface ciphertext and dynamic visual keys has been developed. The proposed encryption scheme exploits the inherent security of the one-time pad by ensuring information confidentiality through the use of a random and nonreusable key. Based on this foundation, optical metasurfaces are initially used to encode the ciphertext and visual key, introducing an additional layer of complexity and security. In addition, the system incorporates dynamic visual keys using a spatial light modulator, adding dynamic and visually intuitive dimensions to the encryption process. These dynamic keys enhance the security of the communication channel by introducing variability into the encryption parameters, making it extremely difficult for unauthorized parties to predict or analyze cryptographic patterns. The result is a highly secure and robust incoherent encryption system that can be found to have potential applications in secure communication and data protection domains.