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Nonclassical light in interferometric measurements

Luciano DiFiore, Rocco Romano, S. Solimeno, N. A. Ansari, F. Zaccaria, Vladimir I. Man’ko, Margarita A. Man’ko

Published Jan 1, 1995• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

It is shown that the even and odd coherent light and other nonclassical states of light like superposition of coherent states with different phases may replace the squeezed light in an interferometric gravitational wave detector to increase its sensitivity.

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•Jan 1, 2014•1 citation
Strongly squeezed states of light are a key technology in boosting the sensitivity of interferometric setups, such as in gravitational-wave detectors. However, the practical use of squeezed states is limited by optical loss, which reduces the observable squeeze factor. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that introducing squeezed states in additional, higher-order spatial modes can significantly improve the observed nonclassical sensitivity improvement when the loss is due to mode-matching deficiencies. Our results could be directly applied to gravitational-wave detectors, where this type of loss is a major contribution.
The worldwide network of laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors is currently in an upgrade phase and will most likely detect gravitational waves within the next few years. Their strain sensitivity will be limited by photon shot noise over a large frequency band. A measurement beyond the shot noise level has already been accomplished via injecting squeezed vacuum states of light into the interferometers. In this proceeding, I review the current status in developements for the next-generation squeezed-light sources for future gravitational-wave detectors. A newly designed doubly-resonant squeezed light source is discussed, as well as squeezed light generated at the wavelengths of 1550 nm and 532 nm. Furthermore, high­ efficiency second harmonic generation of laser light for gravitational wave detectors will be presented. The injection of squeezed light as a key technology is well on schedule for improving the sensitivity of future gravitational-wave detectors.
Squeezed vacuum states of light show a reduction in quantum noise along one quadrature compared to the vacuum state. This characteristic is the key to improve interferometric measurements beyond their quantum noise limitation. In particular for ground-based gravitational wave detectors [1] the application of squeezed light led to a significant sensitivity improvement of up to 6 dB. Future gravitational wave detectors, like the Einstein Telescope [2] or Cosmic Explorer [3], aim for an even higher enhancement in the range of 10 dB with the injection of squeezed states of light into the dark port of their interferometers.