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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Magnetization of a Gapped Spin 1/2 Antiferromagnetic Ising Chain near the Critical External Field

Liu Yi-Chang, Chen Yu-Guan, Lou Ji-Zhong, Qin Shao-Jin, Chen Hong

Published Dec 15, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the magnetization of gapped spin 1/2 XXZ Heisenberg Ising chains and calculate the scattering length among massive spinons. We obtain the magnetization close to the critical external magnetic field. The leading correction term determined by the scattering length among massive spinons is given. Our results are in agreement with exact results and with experimental results. We show that the deviation from the massive free hard core boson picture can be accounted very well by the leading correction term due to the spinon-spinon interaction. We show that the deviation increases along with the increasing of the Ising term.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/36/6/733

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We study the magnetization of gapped spin 1/2 XXZ Heisenberg Ising chains and calculate the scattering length among massive spinons. We obtain the magnetization close to the critical external magnetic field. The leading correction term determined by the scattering length among massive spinons is given. Our results are in agreement with exact results and with experimental results. We show that the deviation from the massive free hard core boson picture can be accounted very well by the leading correction term due to the spinon-spinon interaction. We show that the deviation increases along with the increasing of the Ising term.
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Using the density-matrix renormalization-group (DMRG) technique, we carry out a large scale numerical calculation for the S=2S=2S=2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg (AFH) chain. We obtain the magnetization curve of S=2S=2S=2 chain near the critical field. The corrections to the magnetization due to the magnon-magnon interaction are the same order for S=2S=2S=2 and S=1S=1S=1 chains. By comparing the experimental magnetization with our calculation, we find that the gap obtained experimentally is about 0.08J0.08J0.08J which is close to the accurate DMRG estimation for the S=2S=2S=2 AFH chain. Numerical errors in our large scale calculation are also discussed.
We analyze the antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 XXZ model on the kagome lattice at finite external magnetic field with the help of a non-perturbative zero-temperature renormalization group (RG) technique. The exact nature of the ground and excited state properties (e.g. gapped or gapless spectrum etc) of this system are still debated. Approximate methods have typically been adopted towards understanding the low-energy spectrum. Following the work of Kumar et al (2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 174409), we use a Jordan–Wigner transformation to map the spin problem into one of spinless fermions (spinons) in the presence of a statistical gauge field, and with nearest-neighbor interactions. While the work of Kumar et al was confined mostly to the plateau at 1/3-filling (magnetization per site) in the XY regime, we analyze the role of inter-spinon interactions in shaping the phases around this plateau in the entire XXZ model. The RG phase diagram obtained contains three spin liquid phases whose position is determined as a function of the exchange anisotropy and the energy scale for fluctuations arising from spinon scattering. Two of these spins liquids are topologically ordered states of matter with gapped, degenerate states on the torus. The gap for one of these phases corresponds to the one-spinon band gap of the Azbel–Hofstadter spectrum for the XY part of the Hamiltonian, while the other arises from two-spinon interactions. The Heisenberg point of this problem is found to lie within the interaction gapped spin liquid phase, in broad agreement with a recent experimental finding. The third phase is an algebraic spin liquid with a gapless Dirac spectrum for spinon excitations, and possess properties that show departures from the Fermi liquid paradigm. The three phase boundaries correspond to critical theories, and meet at a SU (2)-symmetric multicritical point. This special critical point agrees well with the gap-closing transition point predicted by Kumar et al . We discuss the relevance of our findings to various recent experiments, as well as results obtained from other theoretical analyses.
We propose a new method to obtain the correlation length of gapped XXZ spin 1/2 antiferromagnetic chains. Following the relativistic quantum field theory in space-time dimensions, we use the exact dispersion of massive spinon to calculate the correlation length for XXZ spin 1/2 chain. We conjecture that the correlation length for other 1D lattice models can be obtained in the same way. Relation between dispersion and the oscillated correlation of gapped incommensurate lattice models is also discussed.
The ground state of the spin-1/2 Ising–Heisenberg distorted diamond chain in the presence of an external magnetic field is investigated in the case of the ferromagnetic Ising and antiferromagnetic XXZ Heisenberg interactions, that exhibits a geometric frustration of spins. The influence of the quantum fluctuations, the magnetic field, and the distortion on the ground state are studied in detail. It is established that the zero-temperature magnetization curve may show intermediate plateaus at zero and one-third of the saturation magnetization.