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Modern Physics Letters A

Sub-Poissonian single-emitter laser: Coherent pump vs incoherent

Ларионов Николай Владимирович, Ilya V. Safonov

Published Jan 16, 2020• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We theoretically investigate the properties of a single-emitter laser with coherent pump: two-level atom interacting with a single damping cavity mode which is resonantly excited by a coherent field. With the help of numerical simulation of the master equation we show that such pumping mechanism is more preferably than incoherent pump for achieving of sub-Poissonian photon statistics.

DOI
10.1142/s021773232040026x

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We theoretically investigate the properties of a single-emitter laser with coherent pump: two-level atom interacting with a single damping cavity mode which is resonantly excited by a coherent field. With the help of numerical simulation of the master equation we show that such pumping mechanism is more preferably than incoherent pump for achieving of sub-Poissonian photon statistics.
According to the exact solution of a two-level atomic system interacting with a single-mode field in a cavity and including a pumping mechanism, sub-Poissonian photon statistics can be generated either by regular pumping or by resonance absorption of the lower level. When the atomic lifetime is much smaller than the interaction time (${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{a}\mathit{b}}$\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\gg}1), which corresponds to a usual laser system, the sub-Poissonian photon distribution can be obtained only by regular pumping. On the other hand, if the atomic lifetime is comparable with the interaction time (${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{a}\mathit{b}}$\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\le}1), the sub-Poissonian photon distribution can be generated by both mechanisms.
The quantum statistical properties of the radiation of a one-atom two-level laser with incoherent pumping are analyzed. Solution of the Liouville equation for the density operator in the basis of Fock states shows that stationary radiation from a single-mode laser with incoherent pumping can be in a squeezed (sub-Poissonian) stationary state if the rate of spontaneous decay is lower than the rate of cavity losses and the pump rate. Inside the cavity the Fano factor reaches F =0.85 (15% squeezing). Multiple squeezing ( F =0.19) is possible in the transient lasing regime. Significant squeezing obtains at the cavity output; the spectral Fano factor at zero frequency is 0.36 under optimal conditions.
Using two equivalent methods, the Heisenberg-Langevin and the master equation, we investigate the properties of a single-emitter nanolaser: an incoherently pumped single two-level system interacting with a single cavity mode of finite finesse. We are interested in a stationary generation regime when the mean number of photons inside the laser cavity is much larger than unity. In this case we linearize the Heisenberg-Langevin equations around the stationary classical solution and obtain analytical results for the linewidth, the quadrature fluctuation spectra, and the intracavity Mandel QQQ parameter. As the second method we use the master equation for the density operator of the laser field. Using the coherent-state representation of the density matrix we obtain the stationary solution for the Glauber PPP function of the laser mode and investigate the quantum statistics of the laser field and its threshold behavior. We compare the results of both methods with numerical simulations and find very good agreement. In the end we use our theoretical results for analyzing experiment with single-ion nanolasers.
Abstract A model of single-atom laser with incoherent pumping is investigated theoretically. In the stationary case, a linear homogeneous differential equation for the phase-averaged Husimi Q function is derived from the equation for the density operator of the system. In the regime in which the coupling of the cavity mode with an atom is much stronger than the coupling of the mode with the reservoir ensuring its damping, the asymptotic solution is obtained to this equation. This solution makes it possible to describe some statistical features of the single-atom laser (in particular, the weak sub-Poissonian photon statistics).
In the present work the model of a single-atom laser generating in the regime when incoherent pumping rate coincides with the cavity decay rate is theoretically investigated. Using the stationary equation for phase averaged Glauber P function the analytical expressions for mean number of photons and its dispersion are obtained. In the limiting case of the strong-coupling regime the exact expression for the photon number distribution function is derived. Obtained results describe the sub-Poissonian photon statistics and show an increase in mean number of photons to non-zero value when the pumping tends to zero.
We theoretically consider a three-level laser with an incoherent one-way pump from a ground state into an intermediate excited state and a coherent drive into the upper laser state. The possibilities of inversionless lasing are studied. It is demonstrated that, in the case of a strong coupling with the drive laser (when its generation depends essentially on the three-level medium), the quantum properties of laser radiation can be improved by using m-quantum coherent excitation or by applying a sub-Poissonian coherent pump.