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Journal of Physics Conference Series

The method of improving the parameters of the microwave excitation signal in the rubidium – 87 quantum frequency standard

Anton Valov, Vadim Vladimirovich Davydov, V. Yu. Rud’

Published Dec 1, 2019• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract This article discusses the design of the rubidium – 87 quantum frequency standard for satellite navigation systems. Also it is proposed a method for improving the parameters of the microwave excitation signal to improve the short-term and long-term stability of the frequency standard. The results of experimental research are presented.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/1410/1/012246

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Abstract This article discusses the design of the rubidium – 87 quantum frequency standard for satellite navigation systems. Also it is proposed a method for improving the parameters of the microwave excitation signal to improve the short-term and long-term stability of the frequency standard. The results of experimental research are presented.
Abstract The article discusses the main disadvantages of the current design of a quantum frequency standard based on rubidium-87 atoms. The main disadvantages of the current design of the quantum frequency standard on rubidium-87 atoms are considered. It is noted that the processes associated with light shifts in the optical part contribute to the greatest instability in the long-term operation of the quantum frequency standard. A solution is proposed to improve the design of the rubidium standard. A forecast for improving its metrological characteristics is presented. The results of experimental investigations are presented.
The necessity of improving the characteristics of metrological for quantum standard of frequency when determining the coordinates of an object on the Earth’s surface or long-term broadcast of large quantity of data in satellite communication systems justified. A new algorism for digital processing of optical signals in the frequency standard is proposed to obtain information about the accuracy signal with making the method of median filtering. The results a research of experimental a characteristics of metrological for quantum standard of frequency based to rubidium - 87 atoms are presented. It is found that improving the long-term frequency stability by 5% using the new algorithm lower the number of bit errors for a long broadcasting information by at least 3%. Also, the error of determining the coordinates of the object is increased by at least 15%.
The main problems arising during the operation of satellite information systems during the transmission of large amounts of information are considered. It is noted how the disadvantages of the current design of the quantum frequency standard based on rubidium-87 atoms influence the operation of the information transmission system. It is noted that the greatest instabilities during long-term operation of the quantum frequency standard are introduced by processes associated with light shifts in the optical part. Frequency stability decreases, synchronization of time scales of various communication satellites deteriorates. This leads to an increase in the number of errors in the transmission of information. A solution is proposed to improve the metrological characteristics of the rubidium frequency standard. The results of experimental studies of the operation of a satellite information transmission system are presented.
Abstract The necessity of improving the metrological characteristics of a quantum frequency standard when determining the coordinates of an object on the Earth’s surface or long-term transmission of large amounts of data in satellite communication systems is substantiated. A new algorithm for digital processing of optical signals in the frequency standard is proposed. The results of experimental studies of the metrological characteristics of a quantum frequency standard based on rubidium atoms - 87 are presented
The present status of rubidium atom frequency standard is introduced. The factors influencing long-term stability were discussed such as the light frequency shift, collision frequency shift and microwave power frequency shift. When pumping light spectral function has small change, it will cause light shift. The method of reducing light shift was to control the slope between the light shift curve and collision shift curve until they were equal in value but opposite in direction. For reducing collision frequency shift, the rubidium absorbs cell with special glass was adopted to weaken the chemical reaction in the experiment. We believed that the new reason based on AC Zeeman effect was the main one to influence microwave power frequency shift, so the traditional explanation was not the main factor. In the experiment, microwave power frequency shift is eliminated through the circuit improvement. Therefore, better long-term stability can be obtained. The performance of rubidium atom frequency standard is greatly improved
New trends in the development of navigation systems and the tasks to be solved using global navigation satellite systems, as well as the creation of the basis for deep space exploration have forced changes in the requirements for quantum frequency standards, especially in terms of frequency stability without communication sessions with the Earth. The corresponding new requirement quantum frequency standard is the quantum frequency standard on mercury-199 ions. This is now the most promising frequency standard for space systems, especially for deep space exploration. To determine the directions of modernization of the design of the quantum frequency standard on mercury-199 ions (by the new requirements), we collected and summarized information about the current research of the quantum frequency standard on mercury-199 ions in different countries of the world (USA, Russia, European Union, and China). For the first time, we performed an extended analysis comparing the characteristics of different models of quantum frequency standard on mercury-199 ions, which differ mainly in the ion traps and light sources for the excitation of mercury-202. The analysis of the technical characteristic of the quantum frequency standard on the mercury-199 ions, as well as our data on calculations of ion trap design with different electrode configurations, showed that long-term stability (105s) of the USA and Chinese models is an order of magnitude higher than that of the Russian and European Union models. The data are comparable in terms of short-term stability at the initial stage of operation. This confirmed our calculations from the parameters of the traps on the effect of electrode fabrication technologies on frequency stability. At present, this problem has not received adequate consideration in the world.