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New Journal of Physics

Quantum illumination assistant with error-correcting codes

Wen-Zhao Zhang, Yuhan Ma, Jin-Fu Chen, Chang-Pu Sun

Published Dec 11, 2019• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We scheme how to enhance the detection ability of quantum target recognition without using entanglement resources. Based on the commonly used error-correcting codes and corresponding decoding method, our scheme gives lower error probability and higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in comparison with the conventional entanglement protocols. In addition, we further investigate the interplay between the SNR and the detection efficiency in quantum target recognition. Results show that, they behave a completely reverse trend when increasing the auxiliary dimension. This is an important limiting factor when optimizing the detection process. Under the existing experimental conditions, our protocol has stronger ability to resist environmental noise when keeping a certain SNR and detection efficiency. Our scheme provides a potential platform for further research and implementation of quantum target recognition.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/ab6064

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Quantum illumination is a quantum sensing protocol primarily used for object detection, which aims to detect the presence of a target with low reflectivity in the free space using quantum light fields. Here we investigate a quantum illumination scheme using an entangled light source by performing non-Gaussian operations on the two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) state in order to reduce the detection error probability and meanwhile improve the signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio. We demonstrate that under the same squeezing parameter, the non-Gaussian operations can significantly reduce the detection error rate compared with the original TMSV state. Under the same average signal photon number, both the TMSV states with and without non-Gaussian operations can provide smaller error rate than that of the coherent state. In addition, we consider the balanced homodyne detection on idler and return signal photons as joint measurement and find that non-Gaussian operations can enhance the SNR of target detection by about 6--9 dB compared with that using TMSV. These results here demonstrate the advantage of the non-Gaussian entangled source in quantum illumination protocol and can find potential applications in target detection in noisy environment.
Quantum imaging utilises the quantum states of light to surpass the classical limits of imaging. However, in the real-world quantum imaging schemes are subject to environmental noise and losses that destroy entanglement. Quantum illumination protocols use the spatial correlations between entangled photon-pairs to enable performance enhancements despite the presence of environmental noise and losses. We demonstrate the implementation of such a protocol whose ability to distinguish a quantum signal from environmental noise improves relative to the corresponding direct imaging case as the levels of noise and loss increase. Such quantum illumination protocols should find applications in low-light imaging and quantum LIDAR schemes.
Quantum illumination, that is, quantum target detection, is to detect the potential target with two-mode quantum entangled state. For a given transmitted energy, the quantum illumination can achieve a target-detection probability of error much lower than the illumination scheme without entanglement. We investigate the usefulness of noiseless linear amplification (NLA) for quantum illumination. Our result shows that NLA can help to substantially reduce the number of quantum entangled states collected for joint measurement of multi-copy quantum state. Our analysis on the NLA-assisted scheme could help to develop more efficient schemes for quantum illumination.