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Experimental observation the One-Way Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering via the detection of entanglement

Huan Yang, Zhiyong Ding, Dong Wang, Hao Yuan, Xue‐Ke Song, Jie Yang, Changjin Zhang, Ye Liu

Published Dec 12, 2019• 0 citations
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Quantum inseparabilities can be classified into three inequivalent forms: entanglement, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering, and Bell's nonlocality. Bell-nonlocal states form a strict subset of EPR steerable states which also form a strict subset of entangled states. Recently, EPR steerable states have been shown to be fundamental resources for one-sided device-independent quantum information processing tasks and, hence, identification of EPR steerable states becomes important from foundational as well as informational theoretic perspectives. In the present paper, we propose a criterion to detect whether a given two-qubit state is EPR steerable. From an arbitrary given two-qubit state, another two-qubit state is constructed in such a way that the given state is EPR steerable if the new constructed state is entangled. Hence, EPR steerability of an arbitrary two-qubit state can be detected by detecting entanglement of the newly constructed state. Apart from providing a distinctive way to detect EPR steering without using any steering inequality, the present paper also provides an alternative way to avoid locality loopholes in EPR steering tests and to reduce the ``complexity cost'' present in experimentally detecting EPR steering. We also generalize our criteria to detect EPR steering of higher dimensional quantum states. Finally, we illustrate our result by using our proposed technique to detect EPR steerability of various families of mixed states.
The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is an intermediate quantum nonlocality between entanglement and Bell nonlocality, which plays an important role in quantum information processing tasks. In the past few years, the investigations concerning the EPR steering have been demonstrated in a series of experiments. However, these studies rely on the relevant steering inequalities and the choices of measurement settings. Here, we experimentally verify the EPR steering via entanglement detection without using any steering inequality and measurement setting. By constructing two new states from a two-qubit state, we observe the EPR steering by detecting the entanglement of these new states. The results show that the entanglement of the newly constructed states can be regarded as an unusual kind of steering witness for these states. Compared to the results of Xiao et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 140404 (2017)], we find that the ability to detect the EPR steering in our scenario is stronger than that of two-setting projective measurements, which can observe more steerable states. Hence, our demonstrations can deepen the understanding of the connection between the EPR steering and entanglement.
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering describes the ability of one observer to nonlocally "steer" the other observer's state through local measurements. EPR steering exhibits a unique asymmetric property; i.e., the steerability can differ between observers, which can lead to one-way EPR steering in which only one observer obtains steerability in the steering process. This property is inherently different from the symmetric concepts of entanglement and Bell nonlocality, and it has attracted increasing interest. Here, we experimentally demonstrate asymmetric EPR steering for a class of two-qubit states in the case of two measurement settings. We propose a practical method to quantify the steerability. We then provide a necessary and sufficient condition for EPR steering and clearly demonstrate one-way EPR steering. Our work provides new insight into the fundamental asymmetry of quantum nonlocality and has potential applications in asymmetric quantum information processing.