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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Response of macroscopic nonlocal correlation detector to a phase transition

Sergey M. Korotaev, J Gorohov, V. O. Serdyuk, A. V. Novysh

Published Dec 1, 2019• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Macroscopic entanglement represents itself in nonlocal correlation of the entropy productions of classically insulated dissipative processes. Nonlocal correlation detector is a device including some, well protected from any local impacts, spontaneous dissipative probe-process, the entropy variation in which is related with a measurable variable (signal). Experimentally convenient example of the source-process is a phase transition. The experiment on measuring of response of electrode macroscopic correlation detector to the process of liquid nitrogen evaporation has been carried out. The signal extremum is reached much later than the end of evaporation. The detector response begins at once as the evaporation beginning, while classical local temperature impact has retardation equal to 1.5 hours. The form of response is essentially asymmetric, with long relaxation time.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/1348/1/012041

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Abstract Macroscopic entanglement represents itself in nonlocal correlation of the entropy productions of classically insulated dissipative processes. Nonlocal correlation detector is a device including some, well protected from any local impacts, spontaneous dissipative probe-process, the entropy variation in which is related with a measurable variable (signal). Experimentally convenient example of the source-process is a phase transition. The experiment on measuring of response of electrode macroscopic correlation detector to the process of liquid nitrogen evaporation has been carried out. The signal extremum is reached much later than the end of evaporation. The detector response begins at once as the evaporation beginning, while classical local temperature impact has retardation equal to 1.5 hours. The form of response is essentially asymmetric, with long relaxation time.
Phenomenon of quantum nonlocality may play an important role in some macroscopic brain processes. But as a matter of mechanism of persisting of entanglement on macro-level is very difficult, it is reasonable at the beginning to study macroscopic nonlocality on simple non-living systems. Nonlocal dependence of dissipative processes is described as relation of the entropy productions in a probe process (detector) and environment and probably has in its foundation quantum nonlocality. Its peculiarity is availability of unusual advanced correlation for noncontrolled by an observer processes. The natural process of geomagnetic variations gives a convenient possibility for study of this effect. The long-term experiment allowed to estimate the cross-section of nonlocal transaction and to detect advanced correlation. The possibility of employment of the latter for geomagnetic activity forecast has been demonstrated. Similar advanced transaction might take place in the dissipative processes in some brain structures.
Abstract Consideration of macroscopic entanglement in the framework of action-at-a- distance electrodynamics leads to rather simple description of macroscopic quantum nonlocal correlations between random dissipative processes in the source and detector. These correlations have both the retarded and advanced component. The latter means correlation in reverse time. Therewith the advanced component through an absorbing medium exceeds the retarded one. For diffusion entanglement swapping the retardation and advancement can be very large. These correlations are detected at extremely low frequencies and characterized by the large time shifts. But these experiments are very difficult in a usual laboratory because of various local interferences. The experimental problem is elegantly solved under deep-sea conditions. The Baikal long-term experiment has started in 2012 at Baikal Deep Sea Neutrino Observatory. The long-term observations demonstrated that detector signals respond nonlocally to the random heliophysical processes. This nonlocal correlation proved to contain considerable time reversed component, exceeding time respecting one. Next, advanced nonlocal correlations of the detector signal with two regional random source-processes: strong earthquake and low frequency macroturbulence in the lake were revealed. In fact this means observation of the random future. The possibilities of the forecasts of random components of solar and hydrological activities on correlations in reverse time have been demonstrated.
The long-term Baikal Deep-Sea Experiment on study of macroscopic entanglement and advanced response of nonlocal correlation detectors to natural random dissipative processes is conducting. There are both advanced and retarded nonlocal correlations, which correspond to the same direction of causality. However, time reversal causality prevails over usual time respecting one. It is the most prominent property of macroscopic entanglement and manifestation of quantum principle of weak causality. In particular, there is an advanced response to the random component of solar activity, which can be used for the forecast of this component.
Although the general theory macroscopic quantum entanglement is still in its infancy, consideration of the matter in the framework of action-at-a-distance electrodynamics predicted, for the random dissipative processes, observability of the advanced nonlocal correlations (time reversal causality). These correlations were really revealed in our previous experiments with some large-scale random heliogeophysical processes as the source ones and the lab detectors as the probe ones. However, the strongest macroscopic nonlocal correlations are observed at extremely low frequencies; therefore, the long-terms experiments therewith under very stable conditions, which are difficult to achieve in a usual laboratory, are necessary. To overcome this difficulty, a new experiment has been conducted on the base of Baikal Deep Sea Neutrino Observatory since 2012. Baikal thick water layer is an excellent shield against any local impacts on the detectors. The long-term series of measurements demonstrates that detector signals respond to the random global heliogeophysical processes, but this nonlocal causal connection proves to contain considerable time reversal component. Nonlocal nature of this connection is confirmed by violation of the steering inequality. In addition, advanced nonlocal correlation of the detector signal with a regional source-process – the random component of hydrological activity (macroturbulence) in the upper layer is revealed. The possibilities of the random processes forecast on nonlocal correlations are demonstrated.
Entanglement and Nonlocal Coherence: Why Nonlocality Is Natural in a Phase Ontology (Phase Ontology — Part IV) reframes quantum entanglement by changing the usual starting assumption. The paper argues that entanglement only looks paradoxical if spacetime separation is assumed to imply ontological separation. If phase coherence is treated as a primary layer of reality (as developed in Parts I–III), then nonlocal correlations become expected rather than mysterious. In this view, entangled systems share a single coherent phase structure prior to measurement. Measurement is described as local phase locking: an interaction with a detector stabilizes a definite outcome locally, while the joint correlations arise because both outcomes are constrained by the same underlying phase structure. No superluminal signal is required; correlations are revealed rather than transmitted. The paper also addresses compatibility with relativity: since no information is communicated faster than light, relativistic causality remains intact. Locality is treated as an emergent property of spacetime, while coherence relations can be nonlocal because they are not fundamentally “in spacetime” to begin with. This manuscript is Part IV of a seven-part series (Parts I–VII). It connects the measurement framework of Part III to entanglement and points ahead to Part V (time, irreversibility) and Part VII (experimental implications and falsifiability).
Quantum detection processes in quantum field theory (QFT) must play a key role in the description of quantum-field correlations, such as the appearance of entanglement, and of causal effects. We consider the detection in the case of a simple QFT model with a suitable interaction to exact treatment, consisting of a quantum scalar field coupled linearly to a classical scalar source. We then evaluate the response function to the field quanta of two-level pointlike quantum model detectors, and analyze the effects of the approximation adopted in standard detection theory. We show that the use of the RWA, which characterizes the Glauber detection model, leads in the detector response to nonlocal terms corresponding to an instantaneously spreading of source effects over the whole space. Other detector models, obtained with nonstandard or no application of RWA, give instead local responses to field quanta, apart from source-independent vacuum contribution linked to preexisting correlations of zero-point field.