Phase Transition and Superfluid of Photons and Photon Pairs in a Two-Dimensional Optical Microcavity

Zhang, Jianjun, Yuan +4 more

Jianjun Zhang, Jian-Hui Yuan, Junpei Zhang +1 more

Surajit Dhara

Jian‐Jun Zhang, Jianhui Yuan, Junpei Zhang +1 more

We analyze the ground-state properties and the excitation spectrum of Bose—Einstein condensates of photons and PPs in a two-dimensional optical microcavity. First, using the variational method, we discuss the ground-state phase transition of the two-component system. We also investigate the energy gap between the ground state and the first excited state. Moreover, by investigating the excitation spectrum, we also illustrate how the superfluid behavior of photons and PPs can be associated with the phase transition of the system.

Jan Klaers, Julian Schmitt, Frank Vewinger +1 more

Oleg L. Berman, Roman Ya. Kezerashvili, Yu. E. Lozovik

The condensate density profile of trapped two-dimensional gas of photons in an optical microcavity, filled by a dye solution, is analyzed taking into account a coordinate-dependent effective mass of cavity photons and photon–photon coupling parameter. The profiles for the densities of the superfluid and normal phases of trapped photons in the different regions of the system at the fixed temperature are analyzed. The radial dependencies of local mean-field phase transition temperature Tc0(r) and local Kosterlitz–Thouless transition temperature Tc(r) for trapped microcavity photons are obtained. The coordinate dependence of cavity photon effective mass and photon–photon coupling parameter is important for the mirrors of smaller radius with the high trapping frequency, which provides Bose–Einstein condensation and superfluidity for smaller critical number of photons at the same temperature. We discuss a possibility of an experimental study of the density profiles for the normal and superfluid components in the system under consideration.