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Cambridge University Press eBooks

“Is Quantum Mechanics for the Birds?”

V. L. Telegdi

Published Oct 25, 1991• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

I would like to correct a misrepresentation made by several of the preceding speakers. We are not celebrating the sixtieth anniversary of Murray's birthday. We are celebrating the sixtieth anniversary of his conception. His actual birthday is in September. We are, of course, celebrating Murray Gell–Mann, whom I've known now since 1951. We joined the University of Chicago the same year, a few months apart. And before I go into the more scientific part of my lecture, I think you might be interested in the origin of the name “Murray.” Presumably it was, like some other first names, derived from a surname. And these, in turn, often come from geographical names, in the present case, from a Scottish province, “Muraih.” Already in 1203 we find a William de Moravia, and in 1317 an Orland de Morris, and in 1327, an Andrew Muraih. [This does not prove the point, because these family names could well have come from “Murie,” the Middle English form of Merry.] As a first name, it has also been surmised, as I see from a book by Partridge, Name This Child , that “Murray” comes from “Murrey” a word for dark red or eggplant colored, an adjective which in turn presumably comes from mulberry, in turn connected to maroon. Which brings us back to Murray's favorite color of corduroy jackets at the University of Chicago. Now having explained the word Murray, I cannot refrain from giving you the origin of the name Gell–Mann.

DOI
10.1017/cbo9780511563980.016

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QUANTUM COSMOLOGY It is an honor, of course, but also a pleasure for me to join in this celebration of Murray Gell-Mann's sixtieth birthday and to address such a distinguished audience. Murray was my teacher and more recently we have worked together in the search for a quantum framework within which to erect a fundamental description of the universe which would encompass all scales – from the microscopic scales of the elementary particle interactions to the most distant reaches of the realm of the galaxies – from the moment of the big bang to the most distant future that one can contemplate. Such a framework is needed if we accept, as we have every reason to, that at a basic level the laws of physics are quantum mechanical. Further, as I shall argue below, there are important features of our observations which require such a framework for their explanation. This application of quantum physics to the universe as a whole has come to be called the subject of quantum cosmology. The assignment of the organizers was to speak on the topic “Where are our efforts leading?” I took this as an invitation to speculate, for I think that it is characteristic of the frontier areas of science that, while we may know what direction we are headed, we seldom know where we will wind up.

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08 April 1996, “Hartle/Coleman Comments” I like the grass fire analogy: I agree we should stomp it out if we can. However, as with most debates, I imagine we'll just have to wait until it falls by the wayside … or wait until someone gives it a name like the Modern Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics with Sugar on Top, so that everyone else will just discount it and move on. Do you know whether Coleman has published any of this? Wojciech first told me about it at least a year ago (and told me I should contact Coleman concerning it to “help your career along”). If you have a copy of the paper, please send it my way. I've been at a little disadvantage in thinking about this because I cannot find my copy of Hartle's paper and the library has been shut down since Wednesday evening; I'll be able to get a new copy Tuesday morning. I know I liked the paper very much after turning semi-Bayesian because of what it said in words (even though I never agreed with the mathematics); however, it certainly did have a frequentist streak running through it … and that's what's bringing us back now. I think what I'll do in this note is just write down various thoughts as they come to me; I've got a few pieces of junk spread out on my desk to prod me along.

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I would like to correct a misrepresentation made by several of the preceding speakers. We are not celebrating the sixtieth anniversary of Murray's birthday. We are celebrating the sixtieth anniversary of his conception. His actual birthday is in September. We are, of course, celebrating Murray Gell–Mann, whom I've known now since 1951. We joined the University of Chicago the same year, a few months apart. And before I go into the more scientific part of my lecture, I think you might be interested in the origin of the name “Murray.” Presumably it was, like some other first names, derived from a surname. And these, in turn, often come from geographical names, in the present case, from a Scottish province, “Muraih.” Already in 1203 we find a William de Moravia, and in 1317 an Orland de Morris, and in 1327, an Andrew Muraih. [This does not prove the point, because these family names could well have come from “Murie,” the Middle English form of Merry.] As a first name, it has also been surmised, as I see from a book by Partridge, Name This Child , that “Murray” comes from “Murrey” a word for dark red or eggplant colored, an adjective which in turn presumably comes from mulberry, in turn connected to maroon. Which brings us back to Murray's favorite color of corduroy jackets at the University of Chicago. Now having explained the word Murray, I cannot refrain from giving you the origin of the name Gell–Mann.
QUANTUM COSMOLOGY It is an honor, of course, but also a pleasure for me to join in this celebration of Murray Gell-Mann's sixtieth birthday and to address such a distinguished audience. Murray was my teacher and more recently we have worked together in the search for a quantum framework within which to erect a fundamental description of the universe which would encompass all scales – from the microscopic scales of the elementary particle interactions to the most distant reaches of the realm of the galaxies – from the moment of the big bang to the most distant future that one can contemplate. Such a framework is needed if we accept, as we have every reason to, that at a basic level the laws of physics are quantum mechanical. Further, as I shall argue below, there are important features of our observations which require such a framework for their explanation. This application of quantum physics to the universe as a whole has come to be called the subject of quantum cosmology. The assignment of the organizers was to speak on the topic “Where are our efforts leading?” I took this as an invitation to speculate, for I think that it is characteristic of the frontier areas of science that, while we may know what direction we are headed, we seldom know where we will wind up.
In principio erat verbum. It seems appropriate to add the first few words of St. John's gospel to the Latin quotations that were bandied about at the beginning of the recent Workshop on Cosmology, which was held at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Batavia, Ill. This outburst of Latinity and classical scholarship, which even included a dispute over whether the word apparatus belongs to the second or the fifth declension, seemed an appropriate beginning for a conference on a subject the origins of the universe that has fascinated scholars ever since classical times. In the beginning was the word, en arche hen ho logos. One of the meanings of logos in this context is a word descriptive of the basic structure of the universe and, more than descriptive, a dynamical word that outlines and perhaps even determines the course of the history that follows the beginning. From the philosophers of ancient Hellas to the professors of physics in modern universities, most have expected that this word would be mathematical. It is the last generation or two that has expected it to be quantum mechanical. Quantum mechanics has to describe everything, said Murray Gell-Mann of Caltech in Pasadena in the opening talk of the workshop. And it became clear that by everything he meant the work of historians and crime detectives and the songs of birds as well as the motions of galaxies. But he added: questions are all murky and border on the philosophical. The main reason for the dominance of quantum mechanics was cited by James Hartle of the University of California at Santa Barbara: laws of physics are quantum mechanical; quantum cosmology is the proper framework. Nevertheless, the large objects that dominate the universe as we now see it operate according to classical mechanics. The serious problem for all of physics, and for quantum cosmology in particular, is to find some kind of linkage by which classical physics can be generated out of quantum mechanics. A similar question occurs historically: If we trace the expansion of the universe backwards we eventually come to a point in history when the universe was so small that it had to behave as a whole as a quantum mechanical system. Figuring out how the present came out of the past is the problem.
08 April 1996, “Hartle/Coleman Comments” I like the grass fire analogy: I agree we should stomp it out if we can. However, as with most debates, I imagine we'll just have to wait until it falls by the wayside … or wait until someone gives it a name like the Modern Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics with Sugar on Top, so that everyone else will just discount it and move on. Do you know whether Coleman has published any of this? Wojciech first told me about it at least a year ago (and told me I should contact Coleman concerning it to “help your career along”). If you have a copy of the paper, please send it my way. I've been at a little disadvantage in thinking about this because I cannot find my copy of Hartle's paper and the library has been shut down since Wednesday evening; I'll be able to get a new copy Tuesday morning. I know I liked the paper very much after turning semi-Bayesian because of what it said in words (even though I never agreed with the mathematics); however, it certainly did have a frequentist streak running through it … and that's what's bringing us back now. I think what I'll do in this note is just write down various thoughts as they come to me; I've got a few pieces of junk spread out on my desk to prod me along.