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IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

Multi-Cell Processing and Artificial Noise for Secure Transmission in Downlink Multi-cell MIMO Systems under Imperfect CSI

Juan Bai, Tao Dong, Qin Zhang, Xuefei Zhang, Yanhong Lin

Published Sep 1, 2019• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

For 5G wireless networks, one of the critical demands is security and privacy, which are particularly in multi-cell multi-user MIMO downlink communications. In this paper, we study secure transmission in the downlink of a multi-cell MIMO cellular network under imperfect channel state information (CSI). Multi-Cell Processing (MCP) and an artificial noise (AN) are employed for secrecy enhancement. For MCP, the BSs share the channel information and data symbols for all users to control inter-cell interference and information leakage. AN is added to degrade the eavesdropper's channel. Based on regularized channel inversion (RCI) precoding, we derive the concise formulas for the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) at a legitimate user and an eavesdropper, and the achievable secrecy sum-rate with MCP and AN. Furthermore, we obtain their corresponding approximation in large-system regime. It shows that secrecy sum-rate can be greatly improved with MCP and AN under imperfect CSI, especially in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the secrecy sum-rate stays a constant. The analytical results are validated with finite-size system by simulation.

DOI
10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904447

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For 5G wireless networks, one of the critical demands is security and privacy, which are particularly in multi-cell multi-user MIMO downlink communications. In this paper, we study secure transmission in the downlink of a multi-cell MIMO cellular network under imperfect channel state information (CSI). Multi-Cell Processing (MCP) and an artificial noise (AN) are employed for secrecy enhancement. For MCP, the BSs share the channel information and data symbols for all users to control inter-cell interference and information leakage. AN is added to degrade the eavesdropper's channel. Based on regularized channel inversion (RCI) precoding, we derive the concise formulas for the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) at a legitimate user and an eavesdropper, and the achievable secrecy sum-rate with MCP and AN. Furthermore, we obtain their corresponding approximation in large-system regime. It shows that secrecy sum-rate can be greatly improved with MCP and AN under imperfect CSI, especially in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the secrecy sum-rate stays a constant. The analytical results are validated with finite-size system by simulation.
In this letter, we consider the problem of secure communication in the downlink of a multi-cell multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system under imperfect channel state information (CSI) at the base stations (BSs). The passive eavesdroppers are considered, whose CSI are unavailable at the BSs. Coordinated Beamforming (CBf) and artificial noise (AN) are employed for secrecy enhancement. Based on regularized channel inversion (RCI) precoding, we derive a novel closed-form expression of secrecy sum-rate in the large-system regime. Based on the result, the regularization parameter and the power allocation ratio between the information signal and AN are optimized. Compared to the perfect CSI case, it shows that the channel estimation error can drastically reduce the secrecy sum-rate, and more power needs to be allocated for AN when the channel estimation error grows larger. The analytical results are validated with the finite-size system by simulation.
In a conventional cellular wireless networks, single cell processing (SCP) is usually considered where inter-cell interference is treated as noise. As we know, interference can cause severe information leakage for secret communication, the paper studies the secrecy performance with coordination beamforming (CBf) scheme in the downlink of a two-cell multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) cellular network. For CBf, the BSs can jointly design their respective beamformers to control inter-cell interference. Based on regularized channel inversion (RCI) precoding, we derive the concise formulas for the signal-to interference plus noise (SINR) at a legitimate user and the colluding malicious users, and the achievable secrecy sum-rate for the CBf scheme. Furthermore, we obtain their corresponding approximation in large-system regime, in which the number of users per cell K and the number of antenna at BS N tend to infinity, while with their ratio β = K/N being held constant. The analytical results are validated with finite-size system by simulation. Compared with SCP without BS cooperation, simulation results show that the secrecy performance can be significantly enhanced by exploiting CBf scheme.
With the development of wireless communication, one of the critical demands is secure transmission especially in downlink communication. In this paper, downlink secure transmission in two-cell base station cooperation multiuser network is studied. The two base stations are fully cooperated and an artificial noise (AN) is added to degrade the eavesdropper(EVE)'s channel. Perfect channel state information (CSI) of all users is known by the base stations and regularized channel inversion (RCI) precoding is used. The close form expression of secrecy sum rate is derived in the large system regime. The regularization parameter and the power allocation ratio are optimized based on larger system regime results. From analysis, base station cooperation network could serve more users per cell in secure transmission than single cell network. The numerical results show large system regime results are accurate even in finite case. In the simulation figures, the analytical optimal results can well approximate to the simulation results.
In this paper, we consider secure transmission in the downlink of a multicell multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with M cells; each cell consists of an N -antenna base station (BS) and K single-antenna users. Coordinated beamforming (CBf) is employed for secrecy enhancement. For CBf, the BSs can jointly design their respective beamformers to control intercell interference and information leakage. Based on regularized channel inversion (RCI) precoding structures, we derive the concise formulas for the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for the legitimate users and the colluding malicious users and the achievable secrecy sum rate for the CBf. Furthermore, we obtain a novel closed-form expression of the secrecy sum in the large-system regime where N and K tend to infinity with a fixed ratio β=K/N . Based on the large-system regime result, the regularization parameter is optimized to maximize the secrecy sum rate. It shows that the optimal regularization parameter decreases with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and stays constant at high SNR if β>1/M . Compared with single-cell processing (SCP) without BS cooperation, simulation results show that the secrecy performance can be significantly enhanced by exploiting CBf. The analytical results are validated with the finite-size system by simulation.
In this paper, we study the problem of secure transmission in the downlink of a multi-cell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, where pilot contamination is considered due to non-orthogonal uplink training sequence. The channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropper is assumed to be unavailable at the base station (BS) and hence, the BS cooperation and an artificial noise(AN) are investigated for secrecy enhancement. Based on regularized channel inversion (RCI), we derive a closed-form expression for ergodic secrecy sum rate in the large-system regime, in which the number of users per cell K, the number of antenna at BS N and the number of antenna at eavesdropper NEtend to infinity. Our analysis shows that the secrecy sum-rate saturates at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with BSs cooperation and AN under pilot contamination.
In this paper, we consider a multi-cell MISO downlink, where a multi-antenna base station (BS) sends messages to its intended user, while a passive eavesdropper tries to intercept the information in each cell. Physical layer security is employed in order to guarantee information security. Due to incomplete channel state information (CSI) at BSs, residue inter-cell interference exists even with coordinated beamforming, which exerts a great impact on the secrecy performance. In this paper, we conduct a unified performance analysis for physical layer security with incomplete CSI, and derives closed-form expressions of ergodic secrecy rate, secrecy outage probability, and interception probability, considering CSI estimation accuracy, transmit signal to noise ratio (SNR), and channel condition. We reveal some insights on the secrecy performance through asymptotic analysis. Furthermore, based on the derived theoretical results, we propose a CSI exchange amount allocation scheme. Finally, the simulations validate our theoretical claims.