Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Scientific Reports

Hyper-parallel nonlocal CNOT operation with hyperentanglement assisted by cross-Kerr nonlinearity

Ping Zhou, Li Lv

Published Nov 4, 2019• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Implementing CNOT operation nonlocally is one of central tasks in distributed quantum computation. Most of previously protocols for implementation quantum CNOT operation only consider implement CNOT operation in one degree of freedom(DOF). In this paper, we present a scheme for nonlocal implementation of hyper-parallel CNOT operation in polarization and spatial-mode DOFs via hyperentanglement. The CNOT operations in polarization DOF and spatial-mode DOF can be remote implemented simultaneously with hyperentanglement assisited by cross-Kerr nonlinearity. Hyper-parallel nonlocal CNOT gate can enhance the quantum channel capacity for distributed quantum computation and long-distance quantum communication. We discuss the experiment feasibility for hyper-parallel nonlocal gate. It shows that the protocol for hyper-parallel nonlocal CNOT operation can be realized with current technology.

DOI
10.1038/s41598-019-52173-x

Related papers

Hyper-parallel nonlocal CNOT operation assisted by quantum-dot spin in a double-sided optical microcavity

Meng-Fan Chen, Ping Zhou, Qi Lan +1 more

Implementation of controlled-NOT (CNOT) operation between different nodes in a quantum communication network nonlocally plays an important role in distributed quantum computation. We present a protocol for implementation of hyper-parallel nonlocal CNOT operation via hyperentangled photons simultaneously entangled in spatial-mode and polarization degrees of freedom (DOFs) assisted by quantum-dot spin in a double-sided optical microcavity. The agent Alice lets photons traverse the double-sided optical microcavity sequentially and applies single-qubit measurements on the electron and the hyperentangled photon. The agent Bob first performs corresponding unitary operations according to Alice’s measurement results on his hyperentangled photon, and then lets photons traverse the double-sided optical microcavity sequentially and performs the single-qubit measurements on the electron and the hyperentangled photon. The hyper-parallel nonlocal CNOT operation can be implemented simultaneously in spatial-mode and polarization DOFs if Alice performs single-qubit operations in accordance with Bob’s measurement results. The protocol has the advantage of having high channel capacity for long-distance quantum communication by using a hyperentangled state as the quantum channel.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Nov 10, 2023•6 citations

Quantum computation based on photonic systems with two degrees of freedom assisted by the weak cross-Kerr nonlinearity

Ming-Xing Luo, Hui-Ran Li, Hong Lai

Most of previous quantum computations only take use of one degree of freedom (DoF) of photons. An experimental system may possess various DoFs simultaneously. In this paper, with the weak cross-Kerr nonlinearity, we investigate the parallel quantum computation dependent on photonic systems with two DoFs. We construct nearly deterministic controlled-not (CNOT) gates operating on the polarization spatial DoFs of the two-photon or one-photon system. These CNOT gates show that two photonic DoFs can be encoded as independent qubits without auxiliary DoF in theory. Only the coherent states are required. Thus one half of quantum simulation resources may be saved in quantum applications if more complicated circuits are involved. Hence, one may trade off the implementation complexity and simulation resources by using different photonic systems. These CNOT gates are also used to complete various applications including the quantum teleportation and quantum superdense coding.

Scientific Reports•Jul 18, 2016•13 citations

Controlled remote implementation of operators via hyperentanglement

Nguyen Ba An, Bich Thi Cao

Abstract Distributed quantum computation is a good solution for salable quantum computation within a quantum network each node of which just contains reasonably a few number of qubits. Controlled implementation of operators on states of a remote node is thus necessary. In this paper we propose protocols for three kinds of tasks of controlled implementation of operators on remote photon states via one hyperentangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state assisted with cross-Kerr nonlinearities: one with general operators and photon states in spatial degree of freedom (DOF), another one also with general operators but the photon state being in polarization DOF and the third one with a limited subset of operators acting on photon state in both spatial and polarization degrees of freedom. All the protocols are deterministic and performed in two steps under quantum control in each step.

Journal of Physics A Mathematical and Theoretical•Apr 20, 2022•15 citations

Robust hyperparallel nonlocal operation assisted by diamond nitrogen-vacancy center coupled to a single-side optical microcavity

QianZhu XIE, Nishi Lu, Peiwen Huang +1 more

Remote implementation of nonlocal quantum gates between different nodes in quantum communication network plays an important role in distributed quantum computation. Compared to protocol for nonlocal implementation of quantum operation in one degree of freedom (DoF), the protocol for parallel remote implementation of nonlocal operations simultaneously in two DoFs has the advantage of having high channel capacity. Under the balance condition of diamond nitrogen-vacancy center coupled to a single-side optical microcavity, we present a protocol for remote implementation of robust hyperparallel nonlocal operation in polarization, time-bin DoFs. Alice and Bob let photons pass through the diamond nitrogen-vacancy center system successively, perform single-qubit measurement on the entangled photons and the electrons. The robust nonlocal CNOT operation can be simultaneously implemented by applying unitary operations in accordance with the measurement results. The protocol has the advantage of transmitting less entangled photons for remote implementation of nonlocal CNOT operations in two DoFs. Moreover, the protocol is more convenient in application since the noise in the protocol for hyperparallel nonlocal CNOT operation via diamond nitrogen-vacancy center can be efficiently depressed.

Zhongguo kexue. Wulixue Lixue Tianwenxue•Feb 10, 2025•0 citations

Quantum Remote Implementation of Hybrid Operations on Hyperstates Using Hyperentangled States

Satish Kumar, Anirban Pathak

Quantum remote control, also known as quantum remote implementation of an operator (QRIO), enables the remote manipulation of an arbitrary quantum state by implementing a desired quantum operation at a distant location. Significant progress has recently been made in developing QRIO protocols and their variants. Most existing schemes employ hyperentangled states where entanglement is shared across multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs). However, these protocols typically exploit only one degree of freedom at a time. In this work, we propose a QRIO protocol that simultaneously utilizes the polarization and spatial DOFs of a two-qubit hyperentangled state to remotely implement an arbitrary hybrid operator on an unknown single-photon two-qubit hyperstate. The shared hyperentangled resource is realized using the polarization and spatial modes of photons, while the protocol is constructed using linear optical elements and cross-Kerr nonlinear interactions to facilitate effective photon-photon coupling. Furthermore, the effects of measurement errors arising from finite coherent state distinguishability and coherent state dissipation are analyzed and the corresponding success probability of the protocol is evaluated. The results demonstrate that an appropriate choice of the cross-Kerr phase shift and coherent state amplitude significantly enhances the protocol performance, making the proposed scheme a promising candidate for hybrid quantum communication and distributed quantum information processing.

quant-pharXiv:2607.14819•Jul 17, 2026•0 citations

Hyper-parallel nonlocal Toffoli gates assisted by quantum dots inside a double-side optical microcavity

XiangQi LU, YiLiu WANG, MengFan CHEN +3 more

Implementing three-qubit Toffoli gates nonlocally plays an important role in quantum communication networks and distributed quantum computation. Most of previous protocols for implementing quantum Toffolis gate consider only implementing Toffoli gates with one degree of freedom. In this paper, we present a scheme for parallel implementation of nonlocal Toffoli gates in polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom assisted by quantum dots inside a double-side optical microcavity. Alice and Bob let photons traverse the double-side optical microcavity sequentially and perform single-particle measurements on electron spin in quantum dots and the entangled photons. Charlie performs single-particle measurements and applies the corresponding unitary operation in polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom according to Alice and Bob’s measurement results. Alice and Bob can implement hyper-parallel nonlocal Toffoli gates by performing unitary operations according to Charlie’s measurement result. This protocol has the advantage of having high channel capacity by the hyperentangled state as the quantum channel.

Zhongguo kexue. Wulixue Lixue Tianwenxue•Oct 14, 2022•1 citation
Implementing CNOT operation nonlocally is one of central tasks in distributed quantum computation. Most of previously protocols for implementation quantum CNOT operation only consider implement CNOT operation in one degree of freedom(DOF). In this paper, we present a scheme for nonlocal implementation of hyper-parallel CNOT operation in polarization and spatial-mode DOFs via hyperentanglement. The CNOT operations in polarization DOF and spatial-mode DOF can be remote implemented simultaneously with hyperentanglement assisited by cross-Kerr nonlinearity. Hyper-parallel nonlocal CNOT gate can enhance the quantum channel capacity for distributed quantum computation and long-distance quantum communication. We discuss the experiment feasibility for hyper-parallel nonlocal gate. It shows that the protocol for hyper-parallel nonlocal CNOT operation can be realized with current technology.
Implementation of controlled-NOT (CNOT) operation between different nodes in a quantum communication network nonlocally plays an important role in distributed quantum computation. We present a protocol for implementation of hyper-parallel nonlocal CNOT operation via hyperentangled photons simultaneously entangled in spatial-mode and polarization degrees of freedom (DOFs) assisted by quantum-dot spin in a double-sided optical microcavity. The agent Alice lets photons traverse the double-sided optical microcavity sequentially and applies single-qubit measurements on the electron and the hyperentangled photon. The agent Bob first performs corresponding unitary operations according to Alice’s measurement results on his hyperentangled photon, and then lets photons traverse the double-sided optical microcavity sequentially and performs the single-qubit measurements on the electron and the hyperentangled photon. The hyper-parallel nonlocal CNOT operation can be implemented simultaneously in spatial-mode and polarization DOFs if Alice performs single-qubit operations in accordance with Bob’s measurement results. The protocol has the advantage of having high channel capacity for long-distance quantum communication by using a hyperentangled state as the quantum channel.
Most of previous quantum computations only take use of one degree of freedom (DoF) of photons. An experimental system may possess various DoFs simultaneously. In this paper, with the weak cross-Kerr nonlinearity, we investigate the parallel quantum computation dependent on photonic systems with two DoFs. We construct nearly deterministic controlled-not (CNOT) gates operating on the polarization spatial DoFs of the two-photon or one-photon system. These CNOT gates show that two photonic DoFs can be encoded as independent qubits without auxiliary DoF in theory. Only the coherent states are required. Thus one half of quantum simulation resources may be saved in quantum applications if more complicated circuits are involved. Hence, one may trade off the implementation complexity and simulation resources by using different photonic systems. These CNOT gates are also used to complete various applications including the quantum teleportation and quantum superdense coding.
Abstract Distributed quantum computation is a good solution for salable quantum computation within a quantum network each node of which just contains reasonably a few number of qubits. Controlled implementation of operators on states of a remote node is thus necessary. In this paper we propose protocols for three kinds of tasks of controlled implementation of operators on remote photon states via one hyperentangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state assisted with cross-Kerr nonlinearities: one with general operators and photon states in spatial degree of freedom (DOF), another one also with general operators but the photon state being in polarization DOF and the third one with a limited subset of operators acting on photon state in both spatial and polarization degrees of freedom. All the protocols are deterministic and performed in two steps under quantum control in each step.
Remote implementation of nonlocal quantum gates between different nodes in quantum communication network plays an important role in distributed quantum computation. Compared to protocol for nonlocal implementation of quantum operation in one degree of freedom (DoF), the protocol for parallel remote implementation of nonlocal operations simultaneously in two DoFs has the advantage of having high channel capacity. Under the balance condition of diamond nitrogen-vacancy center coupled to a single-side optical microcavity, we present a protocol for remote implementation of robust hyperparallel nonlocal operation in polarization, time-bin DoFs. Alice and Bob let photons pass through the diamond nitrogen-vacancy center system successively, perform single-qubit measurement on the entangled photons and the electrons. The robust nonlocal CNOT operation can be simultaneously implemented by applying unitary operations in accordance with the measurement results. The protocol has the advantage of transmitting less entangled photons for remote implementation of nonlocal CNOT operations in two DoFs. Moreover, the protocol is more convenient in application since the noise in the protocol for hyperparallel nonlocal CNOT operation via diamond nitrogen-vacancy center can be efficiently depressed.
Quantum remote control, also known as quantum remote implementation of an operator (QRIO), enables the remote manipulation of an arbitrary quantum state by implementing a desired quantum operation at a distant location. Significant progress has recently been made in developing QRIO protocols and their variants. Most existing schemes employ hyperentangled states where entanglement is shared across multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs). However, these protocols typically exploit only one degree of freedom at a time. In this work, we propose a QRIO protocol that simultaneously utilizes the polarization and spatial DOFs of a two-qubit hyperentangled state to remotely implement an arbitrary hybrid operator on an unknown single-photon two-qubit hyperstate. The shared hyperentangled resource is realized using the polarization and spatial modes of photons, while the protocol is constructed using linear optical elements and cross-Kerr nonlinear interactions to facilitate effective photon-photon coupling. Furthermore, the effects of measurement errors arising from finite coherent state distinguishability and coherent state dissipation are analyzed and the corresponding success probability of the protocol is evaluated. The results demonstrate that an appropriate choice of the cross-Kerr phase shift and coherent state amplitude significantly enhances the protocol performance, making the proposed scheme a promising candidate for hybrid quantum communication and distributed quantum information processing.
Implementing three-qubit Toffoli gates nonlocally plays an important role in quantum communication networks and distributed quantum computation. Most of previous protocols for implementing quantum Toffolis gate consider only implementing Toffoli gates with one degree of freedom. In this paper, we present a scheme for parallel implementation of nonlocal Toffoli gates in polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom assisted by quantum dots inside a double-side optical microcavity. Alice and Bob let photons traverse the double-side optical microcavity sequentially and perform single-particle measurements on electron spin in quantum dots and the entangled photons. Charlie performs single-particle measurements and applies the corresponding unitary operation in polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom according to Alice and Bob’s measurement results. Alice and Bob can implement hyper-parallel nonlocal Toffoli gates by performing unitary operations according to Charlie’s measurement result. This protocol has the advantage of having high channel capacity by the hyperentangled state as the quantum channel.