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Physical Review A

Rotational cooling of heteronuclear molecular ions with ^1Sigma, ^2Sigma, ^3Sigma, and ^2¿ electronic ground states (14 pages)

I. S. Vogelius

Published Jan 1, 2004• 1 citation
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The translational motion of molecular ions can be effectively cooled sympathetically to translational temperatures below 100mK100\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mK}100mK in ion traps through Coulomb interactions with laser-cooled atomic ions. The rovibrational degrees of freedom, however, are expected to be largely unaffected during translational cooling. We have previously proposed schemes for cooling of the internal degrees of freedom of such translationally cold but internally hot heteronuclear diatomic ions in the simplest case of $^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}$ electronic ground-state molecules. Here we present a significant simplification of these schemes and make a generalization to the most frequently encountered electronic ground states of heteronuclear molecular ions: $^{1}\ensuremath{\Sigma}$, $^{2}\ensuremath{\Sigma}$, $^{3}\ensuremath{\Sigma}$, and $^{2}\ensuremath{\Pi}$. The schemes are relying on one or two laser-driven transitions with the possible inclusion of a tailored incoherent far-infrared radiation field.
We use rigorous quantum mechanical theory to study collisions of magnetically oriented cold molecules in the presence of superimposed electric and magnetic fields. It is shown that electric fields suppress the spin-rotation interaction in rotationally excited 2Sigma molecules and inhibit rotationally elastic and inelastic transitions accompanied by electron spin reorientation. We demonstrate that electric fields enhance collisional spin relaxation in 3Sigma molecules and discuss the mechanisms for electric field control of spin-changing transitions in collisions of rotationally excited CaD(2Sigma) and ND(3Sigma) molecules with helium atoms. The propensities for spin depolarization in the rotationally excited molecules are analyzed based on the calculations of collision rate constants at T=0.5 K.