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Entropy

General Secure Information Exchange Protocol for a Multiuser MIMO Relay Channel

Qiao Liu, Hui Li, Yong Wang

Published Oct 28, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Secure information exchange occurs in many recently emerging cooperative-based networks, such as 5G networks (especially those with a Device to Device architecture), the Internet of Things, and vehicular ad hoc networks. However, the existing information exchange protocols only focus on either pairwise information exchange or group information exchange, and none of these protocols enable private and public information exchange to occur simultaneously. Thus, a general secure information exchange protocol for a multiuser channel is desirable. With this motivation, this paper investigates simultaneous private and public information exchange in a Multiple Inputs Multiple Outputs (MIMO) multiuser relay channel. In an aim to achieve this goal, signal alignment is chosen as the core technique. With the designed precoding matrix for each user, private information is aligned with its exchange partner, and public information forms a coding chain at the relay. With the aligned private signal and public coding chain, neither an untrusted relay nor external eavesdroppers can recover the original individual information. Performance analyses of the proposed protocol are conducted. First, we conduct transmission performance analyses from the perspective of time slot cost. Second, we conduct a security analysis for private information exchange and public information exchange. Third, we conduct secrecy sum-rate analysis for three attack scenarios: an untrusted relay attack only, an eavesdropper attack only, and both an untrusted relay and eavesdropper attack. The simulations are conducted to demonstrate that the proposed protocol can enable simultaneous private and public information exchange while resisting attacks by an undesired receiver, an untrusted relay, and external eavesdroppers.

DOI
10.3390/e21111054

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Secure information exchange occurs in many recently emerging cooperative-based networks, such as 5G networks (especially those with a Device to Device architecture), the Internet of Things, and vehicular ad hoc networks. However, the existing information exchange protocols only focus on either pairwise information exchange or group information exchange, and none of these protocols enable private and public information exchange to occur simultaneously. Thus, a general secure information exchange protocol for a multiuser channel is desirable. With this motivation, this paper investigates simultaneous private and public information exchange in a Multiple Inputs Multiple Outputs (MIMO) multiuser relay channel. In an aim to achieve this goal, signal alignment is chosen as the core technique. With the designed precoding matrix for each user, private information is aligned with its exchange partner, and public information forms a coding chain at the relay. With the aligned private signal and public coding chain, neither an untrusted relay nor external eavesdroppers can recover the original individual information. Performance analyses of the proposed protocol are conducted. First, we conduct transmission performance analyses from the perspective of time slot cost. Second, we conduct a security analysis for private information exchange and public information exchange. Third, we conduct secrecy sum-rate analysis for three attack scenarios: an untrusted relay attack only, an eavesdropper attack only, and both an untrusted relay and eavesdropper attack. The simulations are conducted to demonstrate that the proposed protocol can enable simultaneous private and public information exchange while resisting attacks by an undesired receiver, an untrusted relay, and external eavesdroppers.
In this paper, we propose a novel secure transmission scheme for multiple-input multiple- output (MIMO) Two-Way relay channels, where multi- pair communication partners exchange information securely with the help of relay. By utilizing the properties of transmission medium in physical layer, our scheme can achieve high transmission efficiency as well as information theoretic security. With the secrecy capacity analysis, we show that our scheme is a secure approach under two different adversarial models: 1) untrusted relay attack model; 2) trusted relay with eavesdropper attack model. Finally, we conduct three simulations of our proposed scheme. The simulation results agree with the theoretical analysis illustrating that our proposed scheme can achieve a better performance than the existing schemes.
In this paper, we propose a secure transmission protocol for two users exchanging their respective information in an n-hop MIMO Ad hoc network. By exploiting the properties of the transmission medium in the physical layer, three channel models are utilized to provide secure transmission, namely one-way relay channel, two-way untrusted relay channel, and multiple access channel. Using these channel models, we design a basic protocol with a minimized time slot cost, i.e. n+1. Based on this basic protocol, we show that the attacker, either untrusted relay or external eavesdropper, can only obtain a summed signal in each time slot, and this summed signal cannot be decomposed to recover the individual information from the users. We then present cryptographic analysis for the first time to identify a weakness which is common for all known security schemes based on the summed signal. Thirdly, we introduce an evolutionary protocol proposed with two rounds of interlaced information exchange, which defeats this weakness. Finally, the simulation is performed to demonstrate the theoretical analysis.
Security issue has been considered as one of the most pivotal aspects for the fifth-generation mobile network (5G) due to the increasing demands of security service as well as the growing occurrence of security threat. In this paper, instead of focusing on the security architecture in the upper layer, we investigate the secure transmission for a basic channel model in a heterogeneous network, that is, two-way relay channels. By exploiting the properties of the transmission medium in the physical layer, we propose a novel secure scheme for the aforementioned channel mode. With precoding design, the proposed scheme is able to achieve a high transmission efficiency as well as security. Two different approaches have been introduced: information theoretical approach and physical layer encryption approach. We show that our scheme is secure under three different adversarial models: ( 1 ) untrusted relay attack model, ( 2 ) trusted relay with eavesdropper attack model, and ( 3 ) untrusted relay with eavesdroppers attack model. We also derive the secrecy capacity of the two different approaches under the three attacks. Finally, we conduct three simulations of our proposed scheme. The simulation results agree with the theoretical analysis illustrating that our proposed scheme could achieve a better performance than the existing schemes.
From security perspective, a friendly relay may help to keep the confidential messages from being eavesdropped, while an untrusted relay may intentionally eavesdrop the messages when relaying. This paper studies the secure beamforming for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) two-way communications, where two source nodes exchange information with the help of an untrusted relay node. The relay adopts amplify-and-forward (AF) strategy and acts as both an essential helper and a potential eavesdropper. Our goal is to maximize the secrecy sum rate of the bidirectional links by jointly optimizing the source and relay beamformers. For the two-phase two-way relay scheme, we first derive the optimal structure of the relay beamformer and then propose an iterative algorithm to jointly optimize the source and relay beamformers. Then, a comprehensive study on the asymptotical performance is conducted by letting the source and relay powers approach zero or infinity. In particular, we show that when all powers approach infinity, the two-way relay scheme achieves the maximum secrecy rate if the transceiver beamformers are designed such that the received signals at the relay can be aligned to be parallel.
In this paper, we consider a dual-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) relay network, where the source, relay, and destination are each equipped with multiple antennas. The relay is untrusted if it is willing to forward the signal to the destination and, at the same time, acts as a potential eavesdropper to interpret the message from the source. Since there exists no direct link between the source and the destination, a positive secrecy rate cannot be obtained. Addressing this issue, we propose a joint destination-aided cooperative jamming and precoding at both the source and the relay scheme: joint source, relay, and destination precoding (JP). We target at maximizing the secrecy rate by jointly designing the source, relay, and destination precoding matrices and propose an alternating iterative optimization algorithm to tackle the nonconvex problem. Then, a comprehensive study on the asymptotic performance is conducted in a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. In particular, we present simple closed-form expressions for the two key performance parameters in the asymptotic secrecy rate, i.e., the high-SNR slope and the high-SNR power offset. Finally, numerical results are conducted to demonstrate the validity of the proposed secure scheme and its performance analysis.
An amplify-and-forward (AF) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay network composed of a source, a relay, and a destination is considered, where transmit beamforming is employed both at the source and at the relay. The relay is a user who is willing to help the communication from the source to the destination. In our paper, however, the relay is untrusted in the sense that it may make a passive security attack; that is, it may decode messages of the source. We consider two ways to transmit confidential information of the source to the destination: noncooperative secure beamforming and cooperative secure beamforming. In the noncooperative scheme, the relay is simply treated as an eavesdropper, and does not participate in communication. In the cooperative scheme, the relay is asked to relay signals from the source to the destination. In this paper, the source and relay beamforming is jointly designed to maximize the secrecy rate in the cooperative scheme. The conditions under which the cooperative scheme achieves a higher secrecy rate than the noncooperative scheme are derived in the low and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regimes of the source-relay and relay-destination links. The performance of the secure beamforming schemes is compared through extensive numerical simulations.