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Laser Physics

Photon echo in the ytterbium vapour induced at transition 0 ↔ 1 by the relaxation anisotropy of collisions with noble gases

Н. Н. Рубцова, Хворостов Евгений Борисович, Sergei A. Kochubei, Решетов Владимир Александрович

Published Oct 23, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract A collision-induced photon echo (PE) was formed at the 174 Yb (6s 2 ) 1 S 0 —(6s6p) 3 P 1 transition by two resonant radiation pulses polarized linearly and mutually orthogonally. The noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe were used as collision partners for excited 174 Yb atoms. The nonmonotonous decay kinetics of collision-induced PE was detected. The ordinary PE formed by identical linear polarization pulses at the same experimental conditions showed a monotonous decay for the time delays between 80 and 300 ns. The anisotropy parameters for the collisions of 174 Yb atoms with Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe atoms increase with the buffer atom mass and are between 15% and 20% of the corresponding homogeneous line broadening values.

DOI
10.1088/1555-6611/ab4bd1

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Abstract For the first time, a complete set of decay parameters, due to collisions of 174 Yb atoms with noble gas atoms and with ytterbium atoms, was experimentally found for the 174 Yb (6s6p) 3 P 1 level. The method of stimulated photon echo with special angles between the polarization vectors of light pulses forming an echo at the 174 Yb (6s 2 ) 1 S 0 —(6s6p) 3 P 1 transition (type 0 ↔ 1 ) is used. For each buffer gas of He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Yb, the decay rate constants of population, orientation and alignment for the collision destruction of the 3 P 1 level of 174 Yb atoms are determined. All the decay rates demonstrated their linear increase with a buffer gas pressure, and the corresponding relaxation constants are determined. Each of the indicated relaxation constants, as well as the difference between the alignment and orientation relaxation constants, increases with the increasing buffer gas mass.

Laser Physics Letters•Apr 1, 2021•1 citation
Abstract A collision-induced photon echo (PE) was formed at the 174 Yb (6s 2 ) 1 S 0 —(6s6p) 3 P 1 transition by two resonant radiation pulses polarized linearly and mutually orthogonally. The noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe were used as collision partners for excited 174 Yb atoms. The nonmonotonous decay kinetics of collision-induced PE was detected. The ordinary PE formed by identical linear polarization pulses at the same experimental conditions showed a monotonous decay for the time delays between 80 and 300 ns. The anisotropy parameters for the collisions of 174 Yb atoms with Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe atoms increase with the buffer atom mass and are between 15% and 20% of the corresponding homogeneous line broadening values.
Abstract The photon echo formed at the intercombination (6s 2 ) 1 S 0 (6s6p) 3 P 1 (type 0–1) transition of ytterbium atoms 174 Yb by two pulses of resonance radiation was investigated as a function of the time delay between exciting pulses (the photon echo kinetics). For exciting radiation pulses of the same linear polarization in the delay region 70–250 ns, the photon echo kinetics is close to the exponential one both in pure ytterbium and in its mixtures with buffer gases Ar and Xe. The relaxation cross sections were determined for all three cases, taking into account the isotopic composition of xenon and ytterbium. For the first time, the complex nonmonotonous kinetics of the collision-induced photon echo was observed in the same mixtures for the forming pulses of linear mutually orthogonal polarization. The relative efficiency of buffer atoms Yb (other isotopes than 174 Yb), Xe and Ar in the collision-induced photon echo formation was obtained.
Abstract The nonmonotonic kinetics of a collision-induced photon echo has been investigated for a number of buffer atoms. The collision-induced photon echo was generated at the 174Yb (6s2) 1S0 ↔ (6s6p) 3P1 (0 ↔ 1) transition by a pair of linearly and mutually orthogonally polarized resonant radiation pulses in ytterbium vapor and its mixtures with He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe. The kinetics of the conventional photon echo generated by pulses with identical linear polarizations was recorded in the same mixtures. The derived decay rate constants for both types of echo are equal to within the measurement errors. For the collisions of 174Yb atoms between themselves and with other ytterbium isotopes in a natural mixture of isotopes, an upper limit for the anisotropy parameter has been estimated, 0.22 ± 0.07 of the photon echo signal decay rate.
Collision induced photon echo generated at the inter-combination transition (6s6p) 3P1 ↔ (6s2) 1S0 of 174Yb in the mixture Yb+Xe is investigated. Collision echo is generated by two unidirectional pulses of resonant radiation with linear and mutually orthogonal polarizations. The collision induced echo appears exclusively due to Yb collisions with buffer, and its polarization coincides with polarization of the first exciting pulse. Experimental results are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions for anisotropic depolarizing collisions.
Photon echo generated at the inter-combination transition (6s 2) 1 S 0 − (6s6p) 3 P 1 of 174Yb was investigated for pure ytterbium vapor and for its mixtures with atomic buffers. In pure ytterbium vapor, the polarization of photon echoes at this 0–1 transition coincides with the polarization of the second exciting pulse for all combinations of linear and circular polarizations of exciting radiation pulses. Photon echo does not appear either for linear orthogonal or for opposite circular polarizations of exciting pulses in pure ytterbium. In mixtures of ytterbium with atomic buffers (Kr, Xe), collision induced photon echo arises only for exciting pulses of linear orthogonal polarizations, its power is essentially less than that of the ordinary echo generated by pulses with parallel polarizations in the same mixture. Polarization of collision induced echo is linear, and it coincides with polarization of the first exciting pulse. Experimental results agree with calculations, and they confirm that the collision induced photon echo at this transition arises exclusively due to anisotropy of depolarizing collisions.
Polarization stimulated photon echo technique is applied to measure the difference between relaxation rates of alignment and orientation of the level 3P1 (6s6p) of 174Yb. At the transition 1S0 (6s2) - 3P1 (6s6p) 174Yb (of type 0 ↔ 1) a collision induced echo is revealed, which is generated by two pulses of linear and mutually orthogonal polarizations. Photon echo arises exclusively due to collisions between atoms of ytterbium and buffer gases; its power depends non-monotonously on the buffer pressure, and the echo polarizations coincides with the polarization of the first exciting pulse of radiation.
Abstract For the first time, a complete set of decay parameters, due to collisions of 174 Yb atoms with noble gas atoms and with ytterbium atoms, was experimentally found for the 174 Yb (6s6p) 3 P 1 level. The method of stimulated photon echo with special angles between the polarization vectors of light pulses forming an echo at the 174 Yb (6s 2 ) 1 S 0 —(6s6p) 3 P 1 transition (type 0 ↔ 1 ) is used. For each buffer gas of He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Yb, the decay rate constants of population, orientation and alignment for the collision destruction of the 3 P 1 level of 174 Yb atoms are determined. All the decay rates demonstrated their linear increase with a buffer gas pressure, and the corresponding relaxation constants are determined. Each of the indicated relaxation constants, as well as the difference between the alignment and orientation relaxation constants, increases with the increasing buffer gas mass.