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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Frequency-Multiplexed Singly-Resonant Photon Pairs from a Quadratic Nonlinear Waveguide Resonator

Rikizo Ikuta, Ryoya Tani, Masahiro Ishizaki, Shigehito Miki, Masahiro Yabuno, Hirotaka Terai, Nobuyuki Imoto, Takashi Yamamoto

Published Jun 1, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Frequency multiplexed photon pair generation has been actively studied for efficient and large-scale photonic quantum information processing [1-3]. In these demonstrations, photon pair generators were realized by using an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) far below threshold; a nonlinear optical medium was inside or integrated with an optical cavity, and a sufficiently weak pump light for the photon pair generation was used. However, to the best of our knowledge, all of the previous demonstrations for frequency multiplexed photon pair generation have used a doubly-resonant OPO which confines both the signal and the idler photons, or a triply-resonant OPO which additionally confines the pump light. In this study, we demonstrate a frequency multiplexed photon pair generation based on a singly-resonant (SR) OPO configuration which confines only one half of the photon pair. We used a periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide as a monolithically-integrated quadratic nonlinear waveguide resonator; dielectric multilayers are directly formed at the end faces of the PPLN waveguide such that only the signal photon around 1600 nm of the photon pair is confined in the resonator and the idler photon around 1522 nm and the pump light at 780 nm are not confined. In the SR photon pair, in spite of no cavity configuration for the idler photons, not only the signal photons but also the idler photons have comb-like spectra as if both of them are confined in the cavity. In addition, there is not missing teeth region observed in multiple resonant OPO configuration known as the cluster effect [4,5]. As a result, a wide-band frequency multiplexed photon pair generation can be possible. The photon pair generator will be useful for an efficient photonic quantum information processing and a frequency-domain photon manipulation with the use of frequency-domain optical elements [6-9].

DOI
10.1109/cleoe-eqec.2019.8872176

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Frequency multiplexed photon pair generation has been actively studied for efficient and large-scale photonic quantum information processing [1-3]. In these demonstrations, photon pair generators were realized by using an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) far below threshold; a nonlinear optical medium was inside or integrated with an optical cavity, and a sufficiently weak pump light for the photon pair generation was used. However, to the best of our knowledge, all of the previous demonstrations for frequency multiplexed photon pair generation have used a doubly-resonant OPO which confines both the signal and the idler photons, or a triply-resonant OPO which additionally confines the pump light. In this study, we demonstrate a frequency multiplexed photon pair generation based on a singly-resonant (SR) OPO configuration which confines only one half of the photon pair. We used a periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide as a monolithically-integrated quadratic nonlinear waveguide resonator; dielectric multilayers are directly formed at the end faces of the PPLN waveguide such that only the signal photon around 1600 nm of the photon pair is confined in the resonator and the idler photon around 1522 nm and the pump light at 780 nm are not confined. In the SR photon pair, in spite of no cavity configuration for the idler photons, not only the signal photons but also the idler photons have comb-like spectra as if both of them are confined in the cavity. In addition, there is not missing teeth region observed in multiple resonant OPO configuration known as the cluster effect [4,5]. As a result, a wide-band frequency multiplexed photon pair generation can be possible. The photon pair generator will be useful for an efficient photonic quantum information processing and a frequency-domain photon manipulation with the use of frequency-domain optical elements [6-9].
We demonstrate a frequency multiplexed photon pair generation based on a quadratic nonlinear optical waveguide inside a cavity which confines only signal photons without confining idler photons and the pump light. We monolithically constructed the photon pair generator by a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide with a high reflective coating for the signal photons around 1600 nm and with antireflective coatings for the idler photons around 1520 nm and the pump light at 780 nm at the end faces of the PPLN waveguide. We observed a comblike photon pair generation with a mode spacing of the free spectral range of the cavity. Unlike the conventional multiple resonant photon pair generation experiments, the photon pair generation was incessant within a range of 80 nm without missing teeth due to a mismatch of the energy conservation and the cavity resonance condition of the photons, resulting in over 1000-mode frequency multiplexed photon pairs in this range.
We demonstrate a frequency multiplexed photon pair generation based on a quadratic nonlinear optical waveguide inside a cavity which confines only signal photons without confining idler photons and the pump light. We monolithically constructed the photon pair generator by a periodically-poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide with a high reflective coating for the signal photons around 1600 nm and with anti-refrective coatings for the idler photons around 1520 nm and the pump light at 780 nm at the end faces of the PPLN waveguide. We observed a comb-like photon pair generation with a mode spacing of the free spectral range (FSR) of the cavity. Unlike the conventional multiple resonant photon pair generation experiments, the photon pair generation were incessant within a range of 80 nm without missing teeth due to a mismatch of the energy conservation and the cavity resonance condition of the photons.
Quantum frequency comb is a useful resource for the preparation of multi-dimensional photonic quantum states and frequency multiplexed photon pairs. Recently, based on a quadratic nonlinear optical waveguide inside a cavity, we demonstrated an efficient and wide-range generation of the quantum frequency comb. Due to the singly resonant configuration, the frequency comb is observed continuously over 80 nm at the telecom band, apart from the conventional multiple resonant configurations. We will present our recent progress on the quantum frequency comb generation.
In this paper, we present a compact source of narrow-band energy–time-entangled photon pairs in the telecom regime based on a Ti-indiffused periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide resonator, i.e. a waveguide with end-face dielectric multi-layer mirrors. This is a monolithic doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO) far below threshold, which generates photon pairs by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) at around 1560 nm with a 117 MHz (0.91 pm)-bandwidth. A coherence time of 2.7 ns is estimated by a time correlation measurement and a high quality of the entangled states is confirmed by a Bell-type experiment. Since highly coherent energy–time-entangled photon pairs in the telecom regime are suitable for long distance transmission and manipulation, this source is well suited to the requirements of quantum communication.
In this paper, we present a compact source of narrow-band energy–time-entangled photon pairs in the telecom regime based on a Ti-indiffused periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide resonator, i.e. a waveguide with end-face dielectric multi-layer mirrors. This is a monolithic doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO) far below threshold, which generates photon pairs by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) at around 1560 nm with a 117 MHz (0.91 pm)-bandwidth. A coherence time of 2.7 ns is estimated by a time correlation measurement and a high quality of the entangled states is confirmed by a Bell-type experiment. Since highly coherent energy–time-entangled photon pairs in the telecom regime are suitable for long distance transmission and manipulation, this source is well suited to the requirements of quantum communication.