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IET Communications

Physical layer security in cooperative amplify‐and‐forward relay networks over mixed Nakagami‐ m and double Nakagami‐ m fading channels: performance evaluation and optimisation

Anshul Pandey, Suneel Yadav

Published Oct 11, 2019• 45 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The authors investigate the secrecy performance of a cooperative relaying network, wherein a fixed source communicates with a fixed destination via an amplify‐and‐forward mobile relay in the presence of a passive mobile eavesdropper. They assume that the source‐to‐relay channel and relay‐to‐destination channel experience Nakagami‐ m fading, whereas relay‐to‐eavesdropper link follows double Nakagami‐ m fading. Under such a mixed fading environment, they derive the novel tight closed‐form expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP), probability of non‐zero secrecy capacity, and intercept probability of the considered system. They also deduce the asymptotic secrecy outage and intercept probability expressions in the high signal‐to‐noise ratio regime to highlight the impact of fading parameters and channel conditions on the secrecy diversity order. It is shown that the system can achieve secrecy diversity order of min( ) in terms of SOP, and in terms of intercept probability, where and represent the fading severity parameters between source and relay and between relay and destination, respectively. They also formulate and investigate analytically two optimisation problems, namely, optimal relay location with fixed power allocation and optimal power allocation with fixed relay location, to minimise the system SOP. They verify analytical findings via numerical and simulation results.

DOI
10.1049/iet-com.2019.0584

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The authors investigate the secrecy performance of a cooperative relaying network, wherein a fixed source communicates with a fixed destination via an amplify‐and‐forward mobile relay in the presence of a passive mobile eavesdropper. They assume that the source‐to‐relay channel and relay‐to‐destination channel experience Nakagami‐ m fading, whereas relay‐to‐eavesdropper link follows double Nakagami‐ m fading. Under such a mixed fading environment, they derive the novel tight closed‐form expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP), probability of non‐zero secrecy capacity, and intercept probability of the considered system. They also deduce the asymptotic secrecy outage and intercept probability expressions in the high signal‐to‐noise ratio regime to highlight the impact of fading parameters and channel conditions on the secrecy diversity order. It is shown that the system can achieve secrecy diversity order of min( ) in terms of SOP, and in terms of intercept probability, where and represent the fading severity parameters between source and relay and between relay and destination, respectively. They also formulate and investigate analytically two optimisation problems, namely, optimal relay location with fixed power allocation and optimal power allocation with fixed relay location, to minimise the system SOP. They verify analytical findings via numerical and simulation results.
Impact of Relay’s Eavesdropping on Untrusted Amplify-and-Forward Networks Over Nakagami- mmm Fading
We investigate the impact of eavesdropping on the secrecy outage performance of dual-hop amplify-and-forward networks with a single untrusted relay, in which cooperative jamming technique is employed at the destination to realize positive secrecy rate. Under Nakagami-m fading channels, we derive tight closed-form and asymptotic expressions for the lower and upper bounds of the secrecy outage probability (SOP). Our results explicitly show that a secrecy diversity order of min(m1, m2/2) in terms of the SOP is achieved, where m1and m2are the respective integer fading parameters of the source-relay and relay-destination links. Afterwards, we propose an asymptotically optimal power allocation (OPA) scheme that minimizes the SOP. Numerical and simulation results show that the proposed OPA offers significant improvement on the SOP performance, especially in the case of m1> m2/2.
In this paper, we investigate the secrecy performance of a dual-hop cooperative untrusted relay network. In this network, a source node communicates with the destination node via an untrusted fixed-gain amplify-and-forward (AF) relay node. We use destination-assisted jamming so as to keep the source and destination nodes information confidential from the relay node. Under this scenario, we derive the exact secrecy outage probability (SOP) expression, tight approximate SOP expression, and asymptotic SOP expression in the high signal-to-noise ratio regime under Nakagami-m fading channels. The analysis studied in this paper can be applicable to any AF relaying systems for fixed relay gain, and two scenarios to calculate the fixed gain are compared in terms of SOP performance. Finally, the numerical and simulation studies corroborate our analytical findings.
In this paper, we investigate the performance of cooperative amplify-and-forward (AF) multi-relay networks with relay selection strategy over independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Nakagami-m fading channels. In this system we study multiuser cooperative relaying to have a secure transmission from source to destination, since transmitted information may be wiretapped by multiple eavesdroppers. The secrecy outage probability is derived in closed-form using signal-to-noise-ratio statistics, while a useful expression is presented for the asymptotically low outage regime. Our results explicitly demonstrate significant improvement of the secrecy outage probability in the multi-relay scenario.
Abstract In this work, the physical layer security performance of an underlay cognitive buffer‐aided relay network over the general Nakagami‐ m fading channel model is addressed, where a primary source communicates with a destination via a decode‐and‐forward relay node in the presence of an eavesdropper and a secondary communication system. The relay is equipped with a finite‐size storage equipment or buffer which can store the sequence of received data packets from source and forward it immediately or subsequently in an adequate time‐slot. In this way, the buffer relay enables to adopt a link selection scheme in order to detect the best available link, (i.e. the one with higher secrecy rate) among the available data at source or at the relay buffer. The closed‐form expression for the secrecy outage probability (SOP), which is a widely adopted performance metric in the considered scenario, is also derived. Numerical results confirm the accuracy of the derived closed‐form analytic expression for SOP and indicates the interaction between secrecy performance and the Nakagami channel parameter m . In particular, it is shown that the SOP experiences a significant drop as the Nakagami channel parameter increases for a predefined target secrecy rate.
Abstract We investigate the secrecy performance of cellular multiuser two‐way relay networks, where the bidirectional information exchange between a multiantenna base station (BS), and several users can be accomplished with the assistance of decode‐and‐forward relay(s) in the presence of a multiantenna passive eavesdropper. We employ low‐complexity antenna selection strategy at the BS coupled with user scheduling for maximizing the end‐to‐end signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs). To enhance the wiretap probability, the eavesdropper applies a maximal ratio combining technique to combine the received signals. Under such considerations, in the single‐relay scenario, we deduce the exact closed‐form secrecy outage probability (SOP) expression under Rayleigh fading channels. For more insights into the system secrecy diversity order, we derive the closed‐form asymptotic SOP expressions at high SNR based on the quality of the main and wiretap links. In the multirelay scenario, we formulate an opportunistic relay selection strategy, followed by its impact on the SOP performance in the presence of Rayleigh channels. To show the impact of multiple relays on the secrecy diversity order, we derive the asymptotic SOP expressions in the high SNR regime depending on the quality of the main and wiretap links. It is shown from the asymptotic SOP expressions under both single‐relay and multirelay scenarios that the secrecy diversity order reduces to zero in the high SNR regime, regardless of number of antennas, number of users, and number of relays. Our results also reveal that the SOP performance diminishes with an increased number of eavesdropper antennas. Numerical and simulation results verify our derived analytical findings.
This paper presents the secrecy performance analysis of an amplify-and-forward relay-assisted cooperative communication system in the presence of a passive external eavesdropper. In contrast to existing works that assume high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) approximations, we have investigated exact and secrecy outage probabilities. Furthermore, we consider a more challenging scenario where the source may not be reachable to the intended user directly. But the eavesdropper can tap both the source link and the relay link. First of all, the outage probability is analyzed at the intended user as well as the eavesdropper. Next, defining the secrecy rate for the amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying system, the expression of the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and the secrecy intercept probability (SIP) have been derived, respectively. Noticing the complexity involved in the integration of SOP and SIP expressions, the closed-form expressions have been derived for asymptotic cases. Finally, the exact and asymptotic analysis has been verified by performing Monte-Carlo simulations. It is observed that the relay position should be closer to the source compared to the eavesdropper to achieve improved SOP.