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Qubit assisted Optimal Entanglement Concentration

Somshubhro Bandyopadhyay

Published Nov 4, 1999• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We present an optimal method for concentrating entanglement from pure entangled states. However a prior knowledge of the Schmidt coefficients is required. Concentrating entanglement from N-partite cat like states is also discussed.

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We present two methods for optimal entanglement concentration from pure entangled states by local actions only. However, a prior knowledge of the Schmidt coefficients is required. The first method is optimally efficient only when a finite ensemble of pure entangled states are available, whereas the second method realizes the single pair optimal concentration probability. We also propose an entanglement-assisted method that is again optimally efficient even for a single pair. We also discuss concentrating entanglement from N-partite catlike states.
Entanglement concentration is essential for quantum technologies, yet rigorous bounds on the success probability for universal protocols (those requiring no prior knowledge about the input state) have remained underexplored. We establish such fundamental limits for conclusive protocols distilling a perfect Bell state from pure two-qubit states by deriving the optimal success probability starting with two copies of a state with known Schmidt basis and four copies of a state with unknown Schmidt basis, using concatenated two-qubit operations. We prove that a known protocol achieves these bounds, confirming its optimality. Crucially, universality imposes an inherent efficiency trade-off, yielding an average success probability of just 2/105 over Haar measure.