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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)

Construction of Partial Geometries and LDPC codes based on Reed-Solomon Codes

Juane Li, Keke Liu, Shu Lin, Khaled Abdel-Ghaffar

Published Jul 1, 2019• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper presents a construction of a class of partial geometries based on RS codes of prime lengths and shows that LDPC codes constructed based on Reed-Solomon codes of prime lengths are finite geometry LDPC codes. Furthermore, a new method for design and construction of nonbinary quasi-cyclic LDPC codes based on the conventional parity-check matrices of Reed-Solomon codes is presented. Simulation results show that the constructed nonbinary LDPC codes perform well over the additive white Gaussian channel.

DOI
10.1109/isit.2019.8849677

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This paper presents a construction of a class of partial geometries based on RS codes of prime lengths and shows that LDPC codes constructed based on Reed-Solomon codes of prime lengths are finite geometry LDPC codes. Furthermore, a new method for design and construction of nonbinary quasi-cyclic LDPC codes based on the conventional parity-check matrices of Reed-Solomon codes is presented. Simulation results show that the constructed nonbinary LDPC codes perform well over the additive white Gaussian channel.
Designs and constructions of quasi-cyclic (QC) LDPC codes for the AWGN channel are presented. The codes are constructed based on the conventional parity-check matrices of Reed-Solomon (RS) codes and are referred to as RS-QC-LDPC codes. Several classes of RS-QC-LDPC codes are given. Cycle structural properties of the Tanner graphs of codes in these classes are analyzed and specific methods for constructing codes with girth at least eight and reducing their short cycles are presented. The designed codes perform well in both waterfall and low error-rate regions.
The use of partial geometries to construct parity-check matrices for binary low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes has resulted in the design of successful codes with a probability of error on the AWGN channel close to the Shannon capacity at bit error rate down to 10−1510^{-15}10−15 . Such considerations have motivated this further investigation. A new and simple construction of a type of partial geometries with a quasi-cyclic (QC) structure is given and their properties are investigated. Two new classes of this type of partial geometries, one based on prime fields and the other based on cyclic subgroups of prime orders of finite fields, are constructed. QC-LDPC codes with good error performances are constructed based on these two new classes of partial geometries. The trapping sets of the partial geometry codes were previously considered using the geometric aspects of the underlying structure to derive information on the size of allowable trapping sets. This topic is further considered here. Finally, there is a natural relationship between partial geometries and strongly regular graphs. The eigenvalues of the adjacency matrices of such graphs are well known, and it is of interest to determine if any of the Tanner graphs derived from the partial geometries are good expanders for certain parameter sets, since it can be argued that codes with good geometric and expansion properties might perform well on the AWGN channel under message-passing decoding.
RS-LDPC codes, constructed based on the codewords of Reed-Solomon (RS) codes with two information symbols, are an important class of LDPC codes. In this paper, we present two representations, namely, quasi-cyclic (QC) representation and vector representation, for RS-LDPC codes. Under the first representation, most part of the parity-check matrix of a full-length RS-LDPC code consists of circulant permutation matrices and zero matrices. As a result, the class of codes can enjoy the advantages in hardware implementation as QC-LDPC codes. In addition, the base matrix under the QC representation of an RS-LDPC code can be explicitly given such that the rank of its parity-check matrix can be analyzed combinatorially. Under the second representation, each permutation matrix in the parity-check matrix of an RS-LDPC code is defined by a nonbinary vector, whose entries are a permutation of entries in the field from which the RS code is constructed. Then, the “affine invariance” property is proved for full-length RS-LDPC codes, which can facilitate the structural analysis of the codes.
Motivated by the success of constructing quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) codes based on Reed-Solomon codes, a construction method for QC-LDPC codes is presented in this paper, using the check matrices of quadratic residues codes. Three QC-LDPC codes are obtained by utilizing two quadratic residues codes of lengths less than 100, and the resultant QC-LDPC codes are regular, high-rate and free of length-4 cycles. Simulation results show that the proposed QC-LDPC codes achieves similar performance as the random LDPC codes, but they have less short cycles. In addition, the proposed (279, 158) QC-LDPC code outperforms its counterpart constructed from Reed-Solomon codes at high signal-to-noise ratios.
The algebraic method for constructing nonbinary quasi-cyclic(QC) low-density parity-check(LDPC) codes based on balanced incomplete block designs(BIBD) is presented.The generalized nonbinary location vector is proposed on constructions.A nonbinary matrix,which consists of nonbinary circulant submatrices,is formed by generalized two-dimensional matrix dispersion considering the generalized nonbinary location vector and BIBD method.The codes constructed by this method have girths at least 6.Experimental results show that significant coding gains are achieved over Reed-Solomon codes of the same parameters under the Additive White Gaussian Noise(AWGN) channel with iterative decoding Fast Fourier Transform based q-ary Sum-Product Algorithm(FFT-QSPA).And a good performance is also achieved over nonbinary Mackay LDPC codes with almost the same conditions.
In this paper, we propose construction of Reed-Solomon(RS) based Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check(QC-LDPC) codes using protograph combining two existing QC-LDPC codes construction. One is the construction RS based QC-LDPC codes whose girth is at least 8 and another is protograph based QC-LDPC codes to increase the upper bounds of minimum Hamming distance. We construct the protographs to increase the upper bound of minimum Hamming distance for Proto-RS-QC-LDPC codes and simulate some experiment to show coding gain in sense of BER compare to existing QC-LDPC codes.