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Efeitos dissipativos na inversão atômica segundo o modelo de Jaynes-Cummings

Clarissa do Valle da Silva Lima

Published Apr 7, 2006• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We study the Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM) which describes the interaction between a two-level atom and a single-mode resonant or quasi-resonant electromagnetic field in the non-dissipative and issipative cases. In particular, we study the atomic population inversion whose behavior presents some aspects of purely quantum origin: collapse and revivals. This observables expectation value can be btained analytically without use of approximations for the non-dissipative case and using first-order perturbation in the dissipative case. We make use of the sum of Poisson and the steepest descents method to obtain analytical formulas for the collapse and for each revival. In this way, we can obtain relevant information like the occurrence time, the maximum amplitude, the approximate frequency, and width. The dissipative JCM models the action of the environment on the quantum system. We show that the characteristic time of the revival diminishes as the interaction with the environment enlarges. We consider the limit in which it becomes experimentally impossible to distinguish the obtained curve from the classical one.

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APPLICATION OF ABEL–PLANA FORMULA FOR COLLAPSE AND REVIVAL OF RABI OSCILLATIONS IN JAYNES–CUMMINGS MODEL

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In this paper, we give an analytical treatment to study the behavior of the collapse and the revival of the Rabi oscillations in the Jaynes–Cummings model (JCM). The JCM is an exactly soluble quantum mechanical model, which describes the interaction between a two-level atom and a single cavity mode of the electromagnetic field. If we prepare the atom in the ground state and the cavity mode in a coherent state initially, the JCM causes the collapse and the revival of the Rabi oscillations many times in a complicated pattern in its time-evolution. In this phenomenon, the atomic population inversion is described with an intractable infinite series. (When the electromagnetic field is resonant with the atom, the nth term of this infinite series is given by a trigonometric function for [Formula: see text], where t is a variable of the time.) According to Klimov and Chumakov's method, using the Abel–Plana formula, we rewrite this infinite series as a sum of two integrals. We examine the physical meanings of these two integrals and find that the first one represents the initial collapse (the semi-classical limit) and the second one represents the revival (the quantum correction) in the JCM. Furthermore, we evaluate the first- and second-order perturbations for the time-evolution of the JCM with an initial thermal coherent state for the cavity mode at low temperature, and write down their correction terms as sums of integrals by making use of the Abel–Plana formula.

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Luísa. A. P. Filpi

We studied a very simple model of the interaction between radiation and matter, named Jaynes-Cummings model. Matter is represented by an atom, treated as a two level system, which interacts with one single mode of the electromagnetic field. We looked at the problem in two different ways: first, treating both systems as quantum and later, considering the field as classical and the atom as quantum. In particular,we concentrate in obtaining the population inversion in both cases. In the context of semiclassical theory, we still used two distinct approachs: one, taking into account the field reaction of the atom and, the other, ignoring any effect of the atom onto the field. We verified that the first gives a more realistic description than the second because it accounts for spontaneous emission by the atom. We still included the environment on the description of both quantum and classical dynamics.

•Jan 1, 2009•0 citations
We study the Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM) which describes the interaction between a two-level atom and a single-mode resonant or quasi-resonant electromagnetic field in the non-dissipative and issipative cases. In particular, we study the atomic population inversion whose behavior presents some aspects of purely quantum origin: collapse and revivals. This observables expectation value can be btained analytically without use of approximations for the non-dissipative case and using first-order perturbation in the dissipative case. We make use of the sum of Poisson and the steepest descents method to obtain analytical formulas for the collapse and for each revival. In this way, we can obtain relevant information like the occurrence time, the maximum amplitude, the approximate frequency, and width. The dissipative JCM models the action of the environment on the quantum system. We show that the characteristic time of the revival diminishes as the interaction with the environment enlarges. We consider the limit in which it becomes experimentally impossible to distinguish the obtained curve from the classical one.
We study and characterize the dynamics of population inversion in the Jaynes-Cummings model. Initially we analyze the less studied case of stochastic phase fluctuations in the atomfield coupling coefficient where the fluctuations are modelled by a random phase telegraph process. We have obtained an equation for the density operator and for the population inversion averaged over the distribution of fluctuations. We present analytical expressions for non-pertuvative quantum effects such as revivals in the inversion for an initial coherent state of the field that was calculated using the Poisson summation and the steepest descent method. The expression found for each revival allow us to estimate their time of occurrence, the oscillation frequency, the width and the time intervals between two consecutive revivals. The same analysis is performed for an ideal atom-field interacting system and for the dissipative one. In the end, we compare the effects on the population inversion due to different processes. We pay particular attention to how quantum effects disappear with the decrease of time intervals between jumps in the atom-field coupling parameter or the increase of the dissipation rate for the field, and the result seems to be completely classical. We show that the details of obtaining the classical limit can be very different for each different process
In this paper, we give an analytical treatment to study the behavior of the collapse and the revival of the Rabi oscillations in the Jaynes–Cummings model (JCM). The JCM is an exactly soluble quantum mechanical model, which describes the interaction between a two-level atom and a single cavity mode of the electromagnetic field. If we prepare the atom in the ground state and the cavity mode in a coherent state initially, the JCM causes the collapse and the revival of the Rabi oscillations many times in a complicated pattern in its time-evolution. In this phenomenon, the atomic population inversion is described with an intractable infinite series. (When the electromagnetic field is resonant with the atom, the nth term of this infinite series is given by a trigonometric function for sqrtnt\\sqrt{n} tsqrtnt, where t is a variable of the time.) According to Klimov and Chumakov's method, using the Abel–Plana formula, we rewrite this infinite series as a sum of two integrals. We examine the physical meanings of these two integrals and find that the first one represents the initial collapse (the semi-classical limit) and the second one represents the revival (the quantum correction) in the JCM. Furthermore, we evaluate the first- and second-order perturbations for the time-evolution of the JCM with an initial thermal coherent state for the cavity mode at low temperature, and write down their correction terms as sums of integrals by making use of the Abel–Plana formula.
In this paper, we give an analytical treatment to study the behavior of the collapse and the revival of the Rabi oscillations in the Jaynes–Cummings model (JCM). The JCM is an exactly soluble quantum mechanical model, which describes the interaction between a two-level atom and a single cavity mode of the electromagnetic field. If we prepare the atom in the ground state and the cavity mode in a coherent state initially, the JCM causes the collapse and the revival of the Rabi oscillations many times in a complicated pattern in its time-evolution. In this phenomenon, the atomic population inversion is described with an intractable infinite series. (When the electromagnetic field is resonant with the atom, the nth term of this infinite series is given by a trigonometric function for [Formula: see text], where t is a variable of the time.) According to Klimov and Chumakov's method, using the Abel–Plana formula, we rewrite this infinite series as a sum of two integrals. We examine the physical meanings of these two integrals and find that the first one represents the initial collapse (the semi-classical limit) and the second one represents the revival (the quantum correction) in the JCM. Furthermore, we evaluate the first- and second-order perturbations for the time-evolution of the JCM with an initial thermal coherent state for the cavity mode at low temperature, and write down their correction terms as sums of integrals by making use of the Abel–Plana formula.
We present a new approach to the study of the function of atomic inversion in the model of interaction of a single two-level atom with a single mode of the quantized electromagnetic field in the coherent state in an ideal resonator. The approach suggested is based on an application of certain number-theoretic results to the approximation of the trigonometric sums of a special form, in particular of the functional equation of the Jacobi theta function. New asymptotic formulae for the atomic inversion are found. The asymptotics that we obtain make it possible to predetermine the details of the behavior of the inversion on various time intervals depending on the parameters of the system.
A variant Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM) where the two-state atom coupled to the cavity mode is driven by a strong external field reveals many interesting behaviors. On resonance, a large scale oscillatory behavior of the mean cavity photon number is predicted. It varies sinusoidally with the amplitude of 2(/spl epsi//g)/sup 2/, centered at the same value, where /spl epsi/ is the (real) driving field amplitude and g the vacuum Rabi frequency. The period of the oscillation was found to be exactly twice the "revival time" of the atomic inversion, i.e., T/sub 0/=(4/spl pi//g)(/spl epsi//g). Furthermore, the oscillation then shows another kind of "collapse-and-revival" type behavior as time proceeds. It is very similar to that of the atomic inversion, but the size of oscillation and the time scales are fundamentally different. The "revival" time of the oscillation, for instance, is found to be exactly one half of the so-called "fractional revival" time of the atomic inversion. Our current interest is directed to the radiative behavior of the driven JCM in a more general situation where dissipation as well as detuning is introduced.
We studied a very simple model of the interaction between radiation and matter, named Jaynes-Cummings model. Matter is represented by an atom, treated as a two level system, which interacts with one single mode of the electromagnetic field. We looked at the problem in two different ways: first, treating both systems as quantum and later, considering the field as classical and the atom as quantum. In particular,we concentrate in obtaining the population inversion in both cases. In the context of semiclassical theory, we still used two distinct approachs: one, taking into account the field reaction of the atom and, the other, ignoring any effect of the atom onto the field. We verified that the first gives a more realistic description than the second because it accounts for spontaneous emission by the atom. We still included the environment on the description of both quantum and classical dynamics.