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Minimizations over Geometric Extensions in Holography.

Newton Cheng

Published Sep 20, 2019• 2 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

An important class of correlation measures for quantum states are the optimized correlation measures, defined as a minimization of a linear combination of von Neumann entropies over all purifications of a given state. We show that when considering such measures for holographic states, the minimum over all purifications can be achieved by only considering purifications with semi-classical geometric duals. We then apply this result to confirm the conjectured holographic duals of a large class of correlation measures, including the $n$-party squashed entanglement.

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arXiv:1805.02625•Journal of High Energy Physics•Oct 1, 2018•108 citations
An important class of correlation measures for quantum states are the optimized correlation measures, defined as a minimization of a linear combination of von Neumann entropies over all purifications of a given state. We show that when considering such measures for holographic states, the minimum over all purifications can be achieved by only considering purifications with semi-classical geometric duals. We then apply this result to confirm the conjectured holographic duals of a large class of correlation measures, including the nnn-party squashed entanglement.
We consider a class of correlation measures for quantum states called optimized correlation measures defined as a minimization of a linear combination of von Neumann entropies over purifications of a given state. Examples include the entanglement of purification EP{E}_{P}EP​ and squashed entanglement Esq{E}_{\mathrm{sq}}Esq​. We show that when evaluating such measures on ``nice" holographic states in the large-NNN limit, the optimal purification has a semiclassical geometric dual. We then apply this result to confirm several holographic dual proposals, including the nnn-party squashed entanglement. Moreover, our result suggests two new techniques for determining holographic duals: holographic entropy inequalities and direct optimization of the dual geometry.
We explore ways to quantify multipartite correlations, in quantum information and in holography. We focus on optimized correlation measures, linear combinations of entropies minimized over all possible purifications of a state that satisfy monotonicity conditions. These contain far more information about correlations than entanglement entropy alone. We present a procedure to derive such quantities and construct a menagerie of symmetric optimized correlation measures on three parties. These include tripartite generalizations of the entanglement of purification, the squashed entanglement, and the recently introduced QQQ correlation and RRR correlation. Some correlation measures vanish only on product states and, thus, quantify both classical and quantum correlations; others vanish on any separable state, capturing quantum correlations alone. We then use a procedure motivated by the surface-state correspondence to construct holographic duals for the correlation measures as linear combinations of bulk surfaces. The geometry of the surfaces can preserve, partially break, or fully break the symmetry of the correlation measure. The optimal purification is encoded in the locations of certain points, whose locations are fixed by constraints on the areas of combinations of surfaces. This gives a new concrete connection between information theoretic quantities evaluated on a boundary state and detailed geometric properties of its dual.
Many of the tools and ideas of quantum information theory have been employed to shed light on the holographic principle.The entanglement entropy in the AdS/CFT correspondence tells us that information of the bulk geometries is encoded in the boundary correlations.This thesis is aimed to deepen our understanding of this direction by studying various correlation measures in holography.We first derive a generalization of the holographic entanglement of purification conjecture for multipartite states.It turns out that this proposal is consistently supported in arbitrary n-partite states.We next study the entanglement of purification in quantum many body systems by numerical methods.That reveals a remarkable non-monotonicity of the entanglement of purification, attributed to the different sensitivities to quantum and classical correlations.We finally discuss the holographic duals of two classes of correlation measures: optimized correlation measures and axiomatic entanglement measures.The results suggest that classical correlation also plays an important role in encoding the geometrical information.i
In this work we generalize the entanglement of purification and its conjectured holographic dual to conditional and multipartite versions of the same, where the optimization defining the entanglement of purification is now optimized in either a constrained way or over multiple parties. We separately derive new constraints on both the conditional entanglement of purification and its conjectured holographic dual object that match, further reinforcing the likelihood of this conjecture. We also show that the multipartite objects we define, despite obeying several of the same inequalities, are not holographic duals of each other. Further, we find inequalities that are true only for the bulk objects and thus could provide additional consistency checks for states dual to (semi-)classical bulk geometries.
Abstract We introduce a new class of quantum and classical correlation measures by generalizing the reflected entropy to multipartite states. We define the new measures for quantum systems in one spatial dimension. For quantum systems having gravity duals, we show that the holographic duals of these new measures are various types of minimal surfaces consist of different entanglement wedge cross sections. One special generalized reflected entropy is ∆R, with the holographic dual proportional to the so called multipartite entanglement wedge cross section ∆W defined before. We then perform a large c computation of ∆R and find evidence to support ∆R = 2∆W . This shows another candidate ∆R as the dual of 2∆W and also supports our holographic conjecture of the new class of generalized reflected entropies.
A bstract We introduce a new information-theoretic measure of multipartite correlations Δ P , by generalizing the entanglement of purification to multipartite states. We provide proofs of its various properties, focusing on several entropic inequalities, in generic quantum systems. In particular, it turns out that the multipartite entanglement of purification gives an upper bound on multipartite mutual information, which is a generalization of quantum mutual information in the spirit of relative entropy. After that, motivated by a tensor network description of the AdS/CFT correspondence, we conjecture a holographic dual of multipartite entanglement of purification Δ W , as a sum of minimal areas of codimension-2 surfaces which divide the entanglement wedge into multi-pieces. We prove that this geometrical quantity satisfies all properties we proved for the multipartite entanglement of purification. These agreements strongly support the Δ P = Δ W conjecture. We also show that the multipartite entanglement of purification is larger than multipartite squashed entanglement, which is a promising measure of multipartite quantum entanglement. We discuss potential saturation of multipartite squashed entanglement onto multipartite mutual information in holographic CFTs and its applications.