Recent Advances in Quantum Internet with Photons

Doaa Subhi, Rasha Thabit

Moushumi Barman, Gypsy Nandi

Astrid Barreiro, Sergio Muñoz-Tapasco, Alexander Grebenchukov +7 more

The convergence of classical and quantum Internet technologies promises to revolutionize communication networks by leveraging the unique properties of quantum mechanics. Already today, several efforts on quantum key distribution, post-quantum cryptography, and systems-on-chip are paving the way for a seamless and secure quantum-classical hybrid Internet. We explore the role of integrated photonics on-chip systems that generate entangled photon pairs, a critical component for quantum communication. We review how integrated photonics and associated techniques can generate and manipulate photon pairs with the prospect of miniaturization and scalability. In addition, we discuss the challenges and solutions in integrating these quantum systems with existing classical Internet infrastructure, highlighting recent advances and future directions.

Fabio Cavaliere, Rana Pratap Sircar, Tommaso Catuogno

Jianqing Liu, Thinh Le, Tingxiang Ji +4 more

Wei Luo, Lin Cao, Yuzhi Shi +12 more

Recent years have witnessed significant progress in quantum communication and quantum internet with the emerging quantum photonic chips, whose characteristics of scalability, stability, and low cost, flourish and open up new possibilities in miniaturized footprints. Here, we provide an overview of the advances in quantum photonic chips for quantum communication, beginning with a summary of the prevalent photonic integrated fabrication platforms and key components for integrated quantum communication systems. We then discuss a range of quantum communication applications, such as quantum key distribution and quantum teleportation. Finally, the review culminates with a perspective on challenges towards high-performance chip-based quantum communication, as well as a glimpse into future opportunities for integrated quantum networks.