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Optics Express

Quantum state protection in finite-temperature environment via quantum gates

Xiaodong Zeng, Guo-Qin Ge, Muhammad Suhail Zubairy

Published Aug 27, 2019• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a protocol to protect the quantum states and entanglements from finite-temperature thermal noise via quantum gates. Compared to the common protocols protecting the quantum states and entanglements by using weak measurements and their reversals, no time-consuming weak measurements are needed in the present protocol and consequently, it is much faster. We also discuss the possible implementation of the protocol in cavity QED system.

DOI
10.1364/oe.27.025789

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We propose a protocol to protect the quantum states and entanglements from finite-temperature thermal noise via quantum gates. Compared to the common protocols protecting the quantum states and entanglements by using weak measurements and their reversals, no time-consuming weak measurements are needed in the present protocol and consequently, it is much faster. We also discuss the possible implementation of the protocol in cavity QED system.
In practical applications, quantum systems work in a finite-temperature environment. Quantum entanglement is inevitably destroyed by the thermal noise. Here we experimentally demonstrate the protection of entanglement on the platform of linear optics. The finite-temperature thermal noise is described by the generalized amplitude-damping channel. By performing optimal pre- and postchannel weak measurements, we successfully protect the entanglement from the generalized amplitude-damping channel. Compared with the unprotected case, the quantum coherence is recovered, and the entanglement is enhanced. The demonstrated protocol may have further applications in superconducting quantum qubits.
We propose a quantum state protection scheme via quantum feedforward control combined with environment-assisted measurement to protect arbitrary unknown initial states from the finite-temperature thermal noise (FTTN). The main strategy is to transfer the quantum system to a noise-robust state by weak measurement and feedforward control before the noise channel. Then we apply the environment-assisted measurement on the noise channel to select our desired damped states that are invertible to the initial state. After the noise channel, the reversal operations are applied to restore the initial state. We consider the protection of a single-qubit system, derive the analytical expressions of the success probability and the fidelity, and analyze the influence of key parameters on the performance of the proposed scheme. Unlike previous studies, there is no trade-off between the fidelity and the success probability in the proposed scheme; hence one could maximize them separately. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can greatly improve the fidelity of the quantum state with a certain success probability. Moreover, the proposed scheme is successfully applied to improving the fidelity of controlled quantum teleportation through two independent FTTN channels from the perspective of protecting the shared entanglement.
Quantum entanglement is a critical resource for quantum information and quantum computation. However, entanglement of a quantum system is subjected to change due to the interaction with the environment. One typical result of the interaction is the amplitude damping that usually results in the reduction of the entanglement. Here we propose a protocol to protect quantum entanglement from the amplitude damping by applying Hadamard and CNOT gates. As opposed to some recently studied methods, the scheme presented here does not require weak measurement in the reversal process, leading to a faster recovery of entanglement. We propose a possible experimental implementation based on linear optical system.
In practical application, since quantum entanglement is inevitably destroyed by thermal noise resulted from environment, protecting entanglement from decoherence in thermal bath environment becomes a critically important issue in the field of quantum information. In this work, we propose a scheme to protect the tripartite Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) entanglement state subjected to the generalized amplitude damping (GAD) channel based on the quantum technique of weak measurement (WM) and quantum measurement reversal (QMR). By optimizing the strengths of WM and QMR, the decoherence caused by the channel can be effectively suppressed. The results show that after performing the optimal pre- and post-channel weak measurement, the negativity of the GHZ state can be effectively improved with a certain probability, and the phenomenon of sudden death can be delayed to a certain degree. This scheme can be applied to the decoherence suppression of GAD channel at finite temperature.